In Situ Small-Angle X-ray Scattering Studies on the Growth Mechanism of Anisotropic Platinum Nanoparticles

Overview

Journal ACS Omega

Publisher American Chemical Society

Specialty Chemistry

Date 2021 May 31

PMID 34056240

Authors

Wataru Yoshimune

Akira Kuwaki

Takumi Kusano

Takuro Matsunaga

Hiroshi Nakamura

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Shape-controlled platinum nanoparticles exhibit extremely high oxygen reduction activity. Platinum nanoparticles were synthesized by the reduction of a platinum complex in the presence of a soft template formed by organic surfactants in oleylamine. The formation of platinum nanoparticles was investigated using in situ small-angle X-ray scattering experiments. Time-resolved measurements revealed that different particle shapes appeared during the reaction. After the nuclei were generated, they grew into anisotropic rod-shaped nanoparticles. The shape, size, number density, reaction yield, and specific surface area of the nanoparticles were successfully determined using small-angle X-ray scattering profiles. Anisotropic platinum nanoparticles appeared at a low reaction temperature (∼100 °C) after a short reaction time (∼30 min). The aspect ratio of these platinum nanoparticles was correlated with the local packing motifs of the surfactant molecules and their stability. Our findings suggest that the interfacial structure between the surfactant and platinum nuclei can be important as a controlling factor for tailoring the aspect ratio of platinum nanoparticles and further optimizing the fuel cell performance.

References

Huang L, Zhang X, Wang Q, Han Y, Fang Y, Dong S . Shape-Control of Pt-Ru Nanocrystals: Tuning Surface Structure for Enhanced Electrocatalytic Methanol Oxidation. J Am Chem Soc. 2017; 140(3):1142-1147. DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b12353. View

Bu L, Zhang N, Guo S, Zhang X, Li J, Yao J . Biaxially strained PtPb/Pt core/shell nanoplate boosts oxygen reduction catalysis. Science. 2016; 354(6318):1410-1414. DOI: 10.1126/science.aah6133. View

Wu S, Li M, Sun Y . In Situ Synchrotron X-ray Characterization Shining Light on the Nucleation and Growth Kinetics of Colloidal Nanoparticles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2019; 58(27):8987-8995. DOI: 10.1002/anie.201900690. View

Chen C, Kang Y, Huo Z, Zhu Z, Huang W, Xin H . Highly crystalline multimetallic nanoframes with three-dimensional electrocatalytic surfaces. Science. 2014; 343(6177):1339-43. DOI: 10.1126/science.1249061. View

Sau T, Murphy C . Self-assembly patterns formed upon solvent evaporation of aqueous cetyltrimethylammonium bromide-coated gold nanoparticles of various shapes. Langmuir. 2005; 21(7):2923-9. DOI: 10.1021/la047488s. View

Takenaka Y, Kitahata H, Yamada N, Seto H, Hara M . Growth of gold nanorods in gelled surfactant solutions. J Colloid Interface Sci. 2011; 356(1):111-7. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2010.12.042. View

Plech A, Kotaidis V, Siems A, Sztucki M . Kinetics of the X-ray induced gold nanoparticle synthesis. Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2008; 10(26):3888-94. DOI: 10.1039/b716599d. View

Yao T, Liu S, Sun Z, Li Y, He S, Cheng H . Probing nucleation pathways for morphological manipulation of platinum nanocrystals. J Am Chem Soc. 2012; 134(22):9410-6. DOI: 10.1021/ja302642x. View

Jiang K, Zhao D, Guo S, Zhang X, Zhu X, Guo J . Efficient oxygen reduction catalysis by subnanometer Pt alloy nanowires. Sci Adv. 2017; 3(2):e1601705. PMC: 5325541. DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1601705. View

10.

Abecassis B, Testard F, Spalla O, Barboux P . Probing in situ the nucleation and growth of gold nanoparticles by small-angle X-ray scattering. Nano Lett. 2007; 7(6):1723-7. DOI: 10.1021/nl0707149. View

11.

Song Y, Garcia R, Dorin R, Wang H, Qiu Y, Coker E . Synthesis of platinum nanowire networks using a soft template. Nano Lett. 2007; 7(12):3650-5. DOI: 10.1021/nl0719123. View

12.

Kongkanand A, Mathias M . The Priority and Challenge of High-Power Performance of Low-Platinum Proton-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells. J Phys Chem Lett. 2016; 7(7):1127-37. DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b00216. View

13.

Steinfeldt N . In situ monitoring of Pt nanoparticle formation in ethylene glycol solution by SAXS-influence of the NaOH to Pt ratio. Langmuir. 2012; 28(36):13072-9. DOI: 10.1021/la3026232. View

14.

Sievers G, Jensen A, Quinson J, Zana A, Bizzotto F, Oezaslan M . Self-supported Pt-CoO networks combining high specific activity with high surface area for oxygen reduction. Nat Mater. 2020; 20(2):208-213. DOI: 10.1038/s41563-020-0775-8. View

15.

Cargnello M, Chen C, Diroll B, Doan-Nguyen V, Gorte R, Murray C . Efficient removal of organic ligands from supported nanocrystals by fast thermal annealing enables catalytic studies on well-defined active phases. J Am Chem Soc. 2015; 137(21):6906-11. DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b03333. View

16.

Yamamoto Y, Miura T, Suzuki M, Kawamura N, Miyagawa H, Nakamura T . Direct observation of ferromagnetic spin polarization in gold nanoparticles. Phys Rev Lett. 2004; 93(11):116801. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.116801. View

17.

Polte J, Emmerling F, Radtke M, Reinholz U, Riesemeier H, Thunemann A . Real-time monitoring of copolymer stabilized growing gold nanoparticles. Langmuir. 2010; 26(8):5889-94. DOI: 10.1021/la903829q. View

18.

Corma A, Serna P . Chemoselective hydrogenation of nitro compounds with supported gold catalysts. Science. 2006; 313(5785):332-4. DOI: 10.1126/science.1128383. View

19.

Polte J, Erler R, Thunemann A, Emmerling F, Kraehnert R . SAXS in combination with a free liquid jet for improved time-resolved in situ studies of the nucleation and growth of nanoparticles. Chem Commun (Camb). 2010; 46(48):9209-11. DOI: 10.1039/c0cc03238g. View

20.

Balu R, Choudhury N, Mata J, de Campo L, Rehm C, Hill A . Evolution of the Interfacial Structure of a Catalyst Ink with the Quality of the Dispersing Solvent: A Contrast Variation Small-Angle and Ultrasmall-Angle Neutron Scattering Investigation. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2019; 11(10):9934-9946. DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b20645. View