Racial and Ethnic Minority Patient Participation in N-of-1 Trials: Perspectives of Healthcare Providers and Patients

Patients from racial and ethnic minority backgrounds in the USA have historically been under-represented in research trials. Understanding their viewpoints regarding participation in N-of-1 trials is imperative as we design and implement these studies. We conducted six focus groups of racial and ethnic minority patients (n = 25) and providers (n = 9). We used content analysis to identify themes. Our results noted the importance of considering family members in N-of-1 trial recruitment and participation, patients' desire for education as a design feature, for 'lifestyle' changes as a treatment option and for use of nonevidence-based treatments in the design of future N-of-1 trials. Personalized trials have the potential to change the way we deliver primary care and improve disparities for minorities.