E484K As an Innovative Phylogenetic Event for Viral Evolution: Genomic Analysis of the E484K Spike Mutation in SARS-CoV-2 Lineages from Brazil

Overview

Journal Infect Genet Evol

Specialties Biology
Genetics
Infectious Diseases

Date 2021 May 27

PMID 34044192

Citations 43

Authors

Patricia Aline Grohs Ferrareze

Vinicius Bonetti Franceschi

Amanda de Menezes Mayer

Gabriel Dickin Caldana

Ricardo Ariel Zimerman

Claudia Elizabeth Thompson

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has affected millions of people since its beginning in 2019. The propagation of new lineages and the discovery of key mechanisms adopted by the virus to overlap the immune system are central topics for the entire public health policies, research and disease management. Since the second semester of 2020, the mutation E484K has been progressively found in the Brazilian territory, composing different lineages over time. It brought multiple concerns related to the risk of reinfection and the effectiveness of new preventive and treatment strategies due to the possibility of escaping from neutralizing antibodies. To better characterize the current scenario we performed genomic and phylogenetic analyses of the E484K mutated genomes sequenced from Brazilian samples in 2020. From October 2020, more than 40% of the sequenced genomes present the E484K mutation, which was identified in three different lineages (P.1, P.2 and B.1.1.33 - posteriorly renamed as N.9) in four Brazilian regions. We also evaluated the presence of E484K associated mutations and identified selective pressures acting on the spike protein, leading us to some insights about adaptive and purifying selection driving the virus evolution.

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