Clinical Features, Presentation and Hormonal Parameters in Patients with Pubertal Gynecomastia

Overview

Journal J Family Med Prim Care

Specialty Public Health

Date 2021 May 27

PMID 34041055

Citations 3

Authors

Shrikrishna V Acharya

Affiliations

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Abstract

Objective: Gynecomastia is benign enlargement of breast in male. It is postulated that its development is primarily due to a mismatch in ratio of oestrogen and androgen at breast tissue. The aim of this study was to highlight the clinical features, presentation and hormonal parameters at the time of consultation.

Methods: All adolescent patients who attended endocrinology department with the complaint of breast enlargement were taken into study. We analysed their thyroid function test, oestrogen, testosterone, prolactin, alpha-fetoprotein, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, beta HCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) and liver function. Clinical features and anthropometry were recorded.

Results: Out of 50 patients enrolled, 34 (68%) had bilateral gynaecomastia while 16 patients (32%) had unilateral disease. Mastalgia was seen in 44 patients (88%). Psychological disturbance in the form of depression was seen in 60% of adolescent boys with gynecomastia. Tanner stage B had positive correlation with oestrogen to testosterone (E2/TTE) ratio (r = 0.47; = 0.034). All other hormonal parameters were normal.

Conclusion: Mastalgia was one of the presenting complaints in majority of patients and many had bilateral enlargement. Altered oestrogen to testosterone ratio is altered in majority of patients thus may be reason for pubertal gynecomastia.

Citing Articles

Endocrine Hormones and Their Impact on Pubertal Gynecomastia.

Shi Z, Xin M J Clin Med. 2025; 14(1.

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Case report on gynecomastia with ipsilateral recurrence of granulomatous lobular mastitis.

Han Y, Ting W, Ting P, Yv X, Xi S, Gang L J Int Med Res. 2023; 51(7):3000605231187815.

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Unilateral breast enlargement in males during adolescence (10-19 years): Review of current literature and personal experience.

De Sanctis V, Soliman A, Tzoulis P, Daar S, Di Maio S, Kattamis C Acta Biomed. 2023; 94(2):e2023004.

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Gynecomastia with rare granulomatous lobular mastitis: a case report and literature review.

Yin L, Agyekum E, Zhang Q, Wu T, Qian X J Int Med Res. 2022; 50(1):3000605221075815.

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