Context-dependent Roles of B Cells During Intestinal Helminth Infection

Overview

Journal PLoS Negl Trop Dis

Specialties Infectious Diseases
Tropical Medicine

Date 2021 May 13

PMID 33983946

Citations 3

Authors

Aidil Zaini

Kim L Good-Jacobson

Colby Zaph

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The current approaches to reduce the burden of chronic helminth infections in endemic areas are adequate sanitation and periodic administration of deworming drugs. Yet, resistance against some deworming drugs and reinfection can still rapidly occur even after treatment. A vaccine against helminths would be an effective solution at preventing reinfection. However, vaccines against helminth parasites have yet to be successfully developed. While T helper cells and innate lymphoid cells have been established as important components of the protective type 2 response, the roles of B cells and antibodies remain the most controversial. Here, we review the roles of B cells during intestinal helminth infection. We discuss the potential factors that contribute to the context-specific roles for B cells in protection against diverse intestinal helminth parasite species, using evidence from well-defined murine model systems. Understanding the precise roles of B cells during resistance and susceptibility to helminth infection may offer a new perspective of type 2 protective immunity.

Citing Articles

Infection with soil-transmitted helminths and their impact on coinfections.

Schlosser-Brandenburg J, Midha A, Mugo R, Ndombi E, Gachara G, Njomo D Front Parasitol. 2025; 2():1197956.

PMID: 39816832 PMC: 11731630. DOI: 10.3389/fpara.2023.1197956.

Targeting helminths: The expanding world of type 2 immune effector mechanisms.

Maizels R, Gause W J Exp Med. 2023; 220(10).

PMID: 37638887 PMC: 10460967. DOI: 10.1084/jem.20221381.

In silico design of a polypeptide as a vaccine candidate against ascariasis.

Evangelista F, Van Vliet A, Lawton S, Betson M Sci Rep. 2023; 13(1):3504.

PMID: 36864139 PMC: 9981566. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30445-x.

B cell fate mapping reveals their contribution to the memory immune response against helminths.

Haase P, Schafer S, Gerlach R, Winkler T, Voehringer D Front Immunol. 2022; 13:1016142.

PMID: 36505408 PMC: 9730276. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1016142.

References

Rausch S, Midha A, Kuhring M, Affinass N, Radonic A, Kuhl A . Parasitic Nematodes Exert Antimicrobial Activity and Benefit From Microbiota-Driven Support for Host Immune Regulation. Front Immunol. 2018; 9:2282. PMC: 6186814. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02282. View

Yusuf I, Kageyama R, Monticelli L, Johnston R, DiToro D, Hansen K . Germinal center T follicular helper cell IL-4 production is dependent on signaling lymphocytic activation molecule receptor (CD150). J Immunol. 2010; 185(1):190-202. PMC: 2913439. DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0903505. View

Macpherson A, Yilmaz B, Limenitakis J, Ganal-Vonarburg S . IgA Function in Relation to the Intestinal Microbiota. Annu Rev Immunol. 2018; 36:359-381. DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-042617-053238. View

Xie M, Chen Q, Liu H, Yang K, Koh B, Wu H . T follicular regulatory cells and IL-10 promote food antigen-specific IgE. J Clin Invest. 2020; 130(7):3820-3832. PMC: 7324176. DOI: 10.1172/JCI132249. View

Linton P, Bautista B, Biederman E, Bradley E, Harbertson J, Kondrack R . Costimulation via OX40L expressed by B cells is sufficient to determine the extent of primary CD4 cell expansion and Th2 cytokine secretion in vivo. J Exp Med. 2003; 197(7):875-83. PMC: 2193894. DOI: 10.1084/jem.20021290. View

Shen P, Fillatreau S . Antibody-independent functions of B cells: a focus on cytokines. Nat Rev Immunol. 2015; 15(7):441-51. DOI: 10.1038/nri3857. View

Lane P . Role of OX40 signals in coordinating CD4 T cell selection, migration, and cytokine differentiation in T helper (Th)1 and Th2 cells. J Exp Med. 2000; 191(2):201-6. PMC: 2195748. DOI: 10.1084/jem.191.2.201. View

McSharry C, Xia Y, Holland C, Kennedy M . Natural immunity to Ascaris lumbricoides associated with immunoglobulin E antibody to ABA-1 allergen and inflammation indicators in children. Infect Immun. 1999; 67(2):484-9. PMC: 96345. DOI: 10.1128/IAI.67.2.484-489.1999. View

Abraham D, Hess J, Mejia R, Nolan T, Lok J, Lustigman S . Immunization with the recombinant antigen Ss-IR induces protective immunity to infection with Strongyloides stercoralis in mice. Vaccine. 2011; 29(45):8134-40. PMC: 3191285. DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.08.030. View

10.

Meli A, Fontes G, Avery D, Leddon S, Tam M, Elliot M . The Integrin LFA-1 Controls T Follicular Helper Cell Generation and Maintenance. Immunity. 2016; 45(4):831-846. PMC: 5672956. DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2016.09.018. View

11.

Pereira J, Kelly L, Cyster J . Finding the right niche: B-cell migration in the early phases of T-dependent antibody responses. Int Immunol. 2010; 22(6):413-9. PMC: 2877811. DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxq047. View

12.

Loke P, Lim Y . Helminths and the microbiota: parts of the hygiene hypothesis. Parasite Immunol. 2015; 37(6):314-23. PMC: 4428757. DOI: 10.1111/pim.12193. View

13.

Kerepesi L, Nolan T, Schad G, Lustigman S, Herbert D, Keiser P . Human immunoglobulin G mediates protective immunity and identifies protective antigens against larval Strongyloides stercoralis in mice. J Infect Dis. 2004; 189(7):1282-90. DOI: 10.1086/382484. View

14.

James C, Hudson A, Davey M . Drug resistance mechanisms in helminths: is it survival of the fittest?. Trends Parasitol. 2009; 25(7):328-35. DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2009.04.004. View

15.

Hussaarts L, van der Vlugt L, Yazdanbakhsh M, Smits H . Regulatory B-cell induction by helminths: implications for allergic disease. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2011; 128(4):733-9. DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2011.05.012. View

16.

Zheng D, Liwinski T, Elinav E . Interaction between microbiota and immunity in health and disease. Cell Res. 2020; 30(6):492-506. PMC: 7264227. DOI: 10.1038/s41422-020-0332-7. View

17.

Yoshimoto T, Yoshimoto T, Yasuda K, Mizuguchi J, Nakanishi K . IL-27 suppresses Th2 cell development and Th2 cytokines production from polarized Th2 cells: a novel therapeutic way for Th2-mediated allergic inflammation. J Immunol. 2007; 179(7):4415-23. DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.179.7.4415. View

18.

Schweitzer A, Sharpe A . Studies using antigen-presenting cells lacking expression of both B7-1 (CD80) and B7-2 (CD86) show distinct requirements for B7 molecules during priming versus restimulation of Th2 but not Th1 cytokine production. J Immunol. 1998; 161(6):2762-71. View

19.

Jackson J, Turner J, Rentoul L, Faulkner H, Behnke J, Hoyle M . T helper cell type 2 responsiveness predicts future susceptibility to gastrointestinal nematodes in humans. J Infect Dis. 2004; 190(10):1804-11. DOI: 10.1086/425014. View

20.

Cortes A, Munoz-Antoli C, Esteban J, Toledo R . Th2 and Th1 Responses: Clear and Hidden Sides of Immunity Against Intestinal Helminths. Trends Parasitol. 2017; 33(9):678-693. DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2017.05.004. View