Evaluation of the Relationship Between Homocysteine Levels and Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women

Objective: The current study aimed to evaluate the relationship between homocysteine (Hcy) levels and bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women.

Methods: The present, cross-sectional study included 760 postmenopausal women. The following variables were recorded: age, age at menopause, body mass index (BMI), BMD (measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry [DXA] scanning and expressed as lumbar, femoral neck and total hip -scores), smoking status, biochemical parameters (Hcy, creatinine, calcium, phosphorus, vitamin D and parathormone levels) and vitamin D supplementation.

Results: The mean age of the sample population was 56.4 ± 5.77 years and the mean age at menopause was 49.9 ± 3.62 years. The mean BMI was 25.2 ± 4.49 kg/m. In the current study, a comparison of the subjects with osteoporosis, osteopenia and normal BMD revealed that the subjects in the low BMD group were significantly older ( < 0.001), had a lower age at menopause ( < 0.001) and had lower BMI ( < 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference among the groups with regard to the plasma levels of Hcy ( = 0.946). The levels of Hcy were positively correlated to the creatinine levels ( = 0.21). The present study did not observe any significant correlations between the Hcy levels and other parameters.

Conclusions: In the present study, 15.3% of the subjects had hyperhomocysteinemia and 62.11% had low BMD. The current results obtained from a group of postmenopausal women suggest that the plasma levels of Hcy are not related to BMD in the lumbar spine (L1-L4), femoral neck and total hip. In the current study, age, age at menopause and low BMI were observed to be associated with low BMD.