Urinary Extracellular Vesicles: a Rising Star in Bladder Cancer Management

Overview

Journal Transl Androl Urol

Date 2021 May 10

PMID 33968676

Citations 10

Authors

Fumihiko Urabe

Takahiro Kimura

Kagenori Ito

Yusuke Yamamoto

Shunsuke Tsuzuki

Jun Miki

Takahiro Ochiya

Shin Egawa

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Clinically, the detection of bladder cancer (BCa) typically requires cystoscopy, which is potentially harmful and sometimes accompanied by adverse effects. Thus, new biomarkers are desirable for improving the management of BCa. Recently, "liquid biopsy" has received enormous attentions and has been extensively studied due to its promising clinical implication for precise medicine. Especially, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have attracted strong interest as a potential source of biomarkers. EVs have been reported to be found in almost all types of body fluids and are easy to collect. In addition, EVs tightly reflect the current state of the disease by inheriting specific biomolecules from their parental cells. Urinary EVs have gained great scientific interest in the field of BCa biomarker research since urine is in direct contact with BCa and can contain large amounts of EVs from the tumour microenvironment. To date, various kinds of biomolecules, including noncoding RNAs, mRNAs, and proteins, have been investigated as biomarkers in urinary EVs. In this narrative review, we summarize the recent advances regarding urinary EVs as non-invasive biomarkers in patients with BCa. The current hurdles in the clinical implications of EV-based liquid biopsy and the potential applications of EV research are also discussed.

Citing Articles

Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses of urinary extracellular vesicle mRNA markers in urothelial bladder cancer patients.

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Alix-normalized exosomal programmed death-ligand 1 analysis in urine enables precision monitoring of urothelial cancer.

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One-Pot Analytical Pipeline for Efficient and Sensitive Proteomic Analysis of Extracellular Vesicles.

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PMID: 37702715 PMC: 10897859. DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00361.

Pre-analytical handling conditions and protein marker recovery from urine extracellular vesicles for bladder cancer diagnosis.

Lee J, Kim E, Park J, Choi S, Lee M, Park J PLoS One. 2023; 18(9):e0291198.

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Extracellular Vesicles as Potential Bladder Cancer Biomarkers: Take It or Leave It?.

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PMID: 37047731 PMC: 10094914. DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076757.

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