Silicon Supplementation Improves Early Blight Resistance in Mill by Modulating the Expression of Defense-related Genes and Antioxidant Enzymes

Overview

Journal 3 Biotech

Publisher Springer

Specialty Biotechnology

Date 2021 May 10

PMID 33968576

Citations 6

Authors

Naveed Gulzar

Sajad Ali

Manzoor A Shah

Azra N Kamili

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Early blight is the most devastating disease in tomato which causes huge yield losses across the globe. Hence, development of specific, efficient and ecofriendly tools are required to increase the disease resistance in tomato plants. Here, we systematically investigate the defensive role and priming effect of silicon (Si) in tomato plants under control and infected conditions. Based on the results, Si-treated tomato plants showed improved resistance to as there was delay in symptoms and reduced disease severity than non-Si-treated plants. To further examine the Si-mediated molecular priming in tomato plants, expression profiling of defense-related genes like , , , , and was studied in control, Si-supplemented, -inoculated and Si + inoculated plants. Interestingly, Si significantly increased the expression of jasmonic acid (JA) marker genes (, and ) than salicylic acid (SA) marker genes (, and . However, Si + inoculated plants showed higher expression levels of defence genes except than -inoculated or Si-treated plants. Furthermore, pre-supplementation of Si to infected tomato plants showed increased activity of antioxidant enzymes viz superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR) and peroxidase (POD) than control, Si-treated and inoculated plants. Altogether, present study highlights the defensive role of Si in tomato plants in response to by increasing not only the transcript levels of defense signature genes, but also the activity of antioxidant enzymes.

Citing Articles

Chitosan, Methyl Jasmonate, and Silicon Induce Resistance to Angular Leaf Spot in Common Bean, Caused by , with Expression of Defense-Related Genes and Enzyme Activities.

Palacioglu G Plants (Basel). 2024; 13(20).

PMID: 39458862 PMC: 11511326. DOI: 10.3390/plants13202915.

Advances in the Involvement of Metals and Metalloids in Plant Defense Response to External Stress.

Zhang L, Liu Z, Song Y, Sui J, Hua X Plants (Basel). 2024; 13(2).

PMID: 38276769 PMC: 10820295. DOI: 10.3390/plants13020313.

Sodium silicate promotes wound healing by inducing the deposition of suberin polyphenolic and lignin in potato tubers.

Han Y, Yang R, Wang Q, Wang B, Prusky D Front Plant Sci. 2022; 13:942022.

PMID: 36092440 PMC: 9453558. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.942022.

How do plants defend themselves against pathogens-Biochemical mechanisms and genetic interventions.

Kaur S, Samota M, Choudhary M, Choudhary M, Pandey A, Sharma A Physiol Mol Biol Plants. 2022; 28(2):485-504.

PMID: 35400890 PMC: 8943088. DOI: 10.1007/s12298-022-01146-y.

Influence of Silicon on Biocontrol Strategies to Manage Biotic Stress for Crop Protection, Performance, and Improvement.

Verma K, Song X, Tian D, Guo D, Chen Z, Zhong C Plants (Basel). 2021; 10(10).

PMID: 34685972 PMC: 8537781. DOI: 10.3390/plants10102163.

References

Beauchamp C, Fridovich I . Superoxide dismutase: improved assays and an assay applicable to acrylamide gels. Anal Biochem. 1971; 44(1):276-87. DOI: 10.1016/0003-2697(71)90370-8. View

Hayasaka T, Fujii H, Ishiguro K . The role of silicon in preventing appressorial penetration by the rice blast fungus. Phytopathology. 2008; 98(9):1038-44. DOI: 10.1094/PHYTO-98-9-1038. View

Van Bockhaven J, Steppe K, Bauweraerts I, Kikuchi S, Asano T, Hofte M . Primary metabolism plays a central role in moulding silicon-inducible brown spot resistance in rice. Mol Plant Pathol. 2015; 16(8):811-24. PMC: 6638399. DOI: 10.1111/mpp.12236. View

Ma J, Yamaji N . Silicon uptake and accumulation in higher plants. Trends Plant Sci. 2006; 11(8):392-7. DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2006.06.007. View

Chen Y, Lin Y, Chao T, Wang J, Liu A, Ho F . Virus-induced gene silencing reveals the involvement of ethylene-, salicylic acid- and mitogen-activated protein kinase-related defense pathways in the resistance of tomato to bacterial wilt. Physiol Plant. 2009; 136(3):324-35. DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3054.2009.01226.x. View

Tripathy B, Oelmuller R . Reactive oxygen species generation and signaling in plants. Plant Signal Behav. 2012; 7(12):1621-33. PMC: 3578903. DOI: 10.4161/psb.22455. View

Menke F, Kang H, Chen Z, Park J, Kumar D, Klessig D . Tobacco transcription factor WRKY1 is phosphorylated by the MAP kinase SIPK and mediates HR-like cell death in tobacco. Mol Plant Microbe Interact. 2005; 18(10):1027-34. DOI: 10.1094/MPMI-18-1027. View

Al-Huqail A, Alqarawi A, Hashem A, Ahmad Malik J, Abd Allah E . Silicon supplementation modulates antioxidant system and osmolyte accumulation to balance salt stress in Benth. Saudi J Biol Sci. 2019; 26(7):1856-1864. PMC: 6864199. DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2017.11.049. View

Jung H, Hwang B . Isolation, partial sequencing, and expression of pathogenesis-related cDNA genes from pepper leaves infected by Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria. Mol Plant Microbe Interact. 2000; 13(1):136-42. DOI: 10.1094/MPMI.2000.13.1.136. View

10.

Sun H, Duan Y, Mitani-Ueno N, Che J, Jia J, Liu J . Tomato roots have a functional silicon influx transporter but not a functional silicon efflux transporter. Plant Cell Environ. 2019; 43(3):732-744. DOI: 10.1111/pce.13679. View

11.

Liang Y, Chen Q, Liu Q, Zhang W, Ding R . Exogenous silicon (Si) increases antioxidant enzyme activity and reduces lipid peroxidation in roots of salt-stressed barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). J Plant Physiol. 2003; 160(10):1157-64. DOI: 10.1078/0176-1617-01065. View

12.

Zhang G, Dai Q, Zhang H . [Silicon application enhances resistance to sheath blight (Rhizoctonia solani) in rice]. Zhi Wu Sheng Li Yu Fen Zi Sheng Wu Xue Xue Bao. 2006; 32(5):600-6. View

13.

Panthee D, Chen F . Genomics of fungal disease resistance in tomato. Curr Genomics. 2010; 11(1):30-9. PMC: 2851114. DOI: 10.2174/138920210790217927. View

14.

Deshmukh R, Vivancos J, Ramakrishnan G, Guerin V, Carpentier G, Sonah H . A precise spacing between the NPA domains of aquaporins is essential for silicon permeability in plants. Plant J. 2015; 83(3):489-500. DOI: 10.1111/tpj.12904. View

15.

Song A, Xue G, Cui P, Fan F, Liu H, Yin C . The role of silicon in enhancing resistance to bacterial blight of hydroponic- and soil-cultured rice. Sci Rep. 2016; 6:24640. PMC: 4835757. DOI: 10.1038/srep24640. View

16.

Dreher K, Callis J . Ubiquitin, hormones and biotic stress in plants. Ann Bot. 2007; 99(5):787-822. PMC: 2802907. DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcl255. View

17.

Ali S, Mir Z, Tyagi A, Mehari H, Meena R, Bhat J . Overexpression of in Confers Broad Spectrum Resistance to Fungal Pathogens. Front Plant Sci. 2017; 8:1693. PMC: 5632730. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01693. View

18.

Domiciano G, Cacique I, Chagas Freitas C, Filippi M, DaMatta F, do Vale F . Alterations in Gas Exchange and Oxidative Metabolism in Rice Leaves Infected by Pyricularia oryzae are Attenuated by Silicon. Phytopathology. 2015; 105(6):738-47. DOI: 10.1094/PHYTO-10-14-0280-R. View

19.

Shi Y, Zhang Y, Yao H, Wu J, Sun H, Gong H . Silicon improves seed germination and alleviates oxidative stress of bud seedlings in tomato under water deficit stress. Plant Physiol Biochem. 2014; 78:27-36. DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2014.02.009. View

20.

Brisson L, Tenhaken R, Lamb C . Function of Oxidative Cross-Linking of Cell Wall Structural Proteins in Plant Disease Resistance. Plant Cell. 1994; 6(12):1703-1712. PMC: 160556. DOI: 10.1105/tpc.6.12.1703. View