Analysis of Differentially Expressed Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum Genes During the Interaction with Moderately Resistant and Highly Susceptible Chickpea Lines

Overview

Journal BMC Genomics

Publisher Biomed Central

Specialty Genetics

Date 2021 May 9

PMID 33964897

Citations 8

Authors

Virginia W Mwape

Fredrick M Mobegi

Roshan Regmi

Toby E Newman

Lars G Kamphuis

Mark C Derbyshire

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, the cause of Sclerotinia stem rot (SSR), is a host generalist necrotrophic fungus that can cause major yield losses in chickpea (Cicer arietinum) production. This study used RNA sequencing to conduct a time course transcriptional analysis of S. sclerotiorum gene expression during chickpea infection. It explores pathogenicity and developmental factors employed by S. sclerotiorum during interaction with chickpea.

Results: During infection of moderately resistant (PBA HatTrick) and highly susceptible chickpea (Kyabra) lines, 9491 and 10,487 S. sclerotiorum genes, respectively, were significantly differentially expressed relative to in vitro. Analysis of the upregulated genes revealed enrichment of Gene Ontology biological processes, such as oxidation-reduction process, metabolic process, carbohydrate metabolic process, response to stimulus, and signal transduction. Several gene functional categories were upregulated in planta, including carbohydrate-active enzymes, secondary metabolite biosynthesis clusters, transcription factors and candidate secreted effectors. Differences in expression of four S. sclerotiorum genes on varieties with different levels of susceptibility were also observed.

Conclusion: These findings provide a framework for a better understanding of S. sclerotiorum interactions with hosts of varying susceptibility levels. Here, we report for the first time on the S. sclerotiorum transcriptome during chickpea infection, which could be important for further studies on this pathogen's molecular biology.

Citing Articles

Comparative transcriptome analysis in two contrasting genotypes for Sclerotinia sclerotiorum resistance in sunflower.

Zhao M, Yi B, Liu X, Wang D, Song D, Sun E PLoS One. 2024; 19(12):e0315458.

PMID: 39700207 PMC: 11658501. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0315458.

Control of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum via an RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated targeting of SsPac1 and SsSmk1.

Pant P, Kaur J Planta. 2024; 259(6):153.

PMID: 38744752 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-024-04430-1.

Genome-wide identification of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum small RNAs and their endogenous targets.

Regmi R, Newman T, Khentry Y, Kamphuis L, Derbyshire M BMC Genomics. 2023; 24(1):582.

PMID: 37784009 PMC: 10544508. DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09686-7.

The broad host range pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum produces multiple effector proteins that induce host cell death intracellularly.

Newman T, Kim H, Khentry Y, Sohn K, Derbyshire M, Kamphuis L Mol Plant Pathol. 2023; 24(8):866-881.

PMID: 37038612 PMC: 10346375. DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13333.

Transcriptome Analysis of the Necrotrophic Pathogen Reveals Insights into Its Pathogenesis in .

Rajarammohan S Microbiol Spectr. 2023; :e0293922.

PMID: 36912684 PMC: 10100672. DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02939-22.

References

Seifbarghi S, Borhan M, Wei Y, Coutu C, Robinson S, Hegedus D . Changes in the Sclerotinia sclerotiorum transcriptome during infection of Brassica napus. BMC Genomics. 2017; 18(1):266. PMC: 5372324. DOI: 10.1186/s12864-017-3642-5. View

Wilson R, Jenkinson J, Gibson R, Littlechild J, Wang Z, Talbot N . Tps1 regulates the pentose phosphate pathway, nitrogen metabolism and fungal virulence. EMBO J. 2007; 26(15):3673-85. PMC: 1949003. DOI: 10.1038/sj.emboj.7601795. View

Franceschetti M, Maqbool A, Jimenez-Dalmaroni M, Pennington H, Kamoun S, Banfield M . Effectors of Filamentous Plant Pathogens: Commonalities amid Diversity. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 2017; 81(2). PMC: 5485802. DOI: 10.1128/MMBR.00066-16. View

Livak K, Schmittgen T . Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) Method. Methods. 2002; 25(4):402-8. DOI: 10.1006/meth.2001.1262. View

Kubicek C, Starr T, Glass N . Plant cell wall-degrading enzymes and their secretion in plant-pathogenic fungi. Annu Rev Phytopathol. 2014; 52:427-51. DOI: 10.1146/annurev-phyto-102313-045831. View

Lyu X, Shen C, Fu Y, Xie J, Jiang D, Li G . A Small Secreted Virulence-Related Protein Is Essential for the Necrotrophic Interactions of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum with Its Host Plants. PLoS Pathog. 2016; 12(2):e1005435. PMC: 4735494. DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005435. View

Chittem K, Yajima W, Goswami R, Del Rio Mendoza L . Transcriptome analysis of the plant pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum interaction with resistant and susceptible canola (Brassica napus) lines. PLoS One. 2020; 15(3):e0229844. PMC: 7065775. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229844. View

Stincone A, Prigione A, Cramer T, Wamelink M, Campbell K, Cheung E . The return of metabolism: biochemistry and physiology of the pentose phosphate pathway. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc. 2014; 90(3):927-63. PMC: 4470864. DOI: 10.1111/brv.12140. View

Anders S, Pyl P, Huber W . HTSeq--a Python framework to work with high-throughput sequencing data. Bioinformatics. 2014; 31(2):166-9. PMC: 4287950. DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btu638. View

10.

Oliveira M, de Andrade R, Grossi-de-Sa M, Petrofeza S . Analysis of genes that are differentially expressed during the Sclerotinia sclerotiorum-Phaseolus vulgaris interaction. Front Microbiol. 2015; 6:1162. PMC: 4620421. DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01162. View

11.

Rementeria A, Lopez-Molina N, Ludwig A, Vivanco A, Bikandi J, Ponton J . Genes and molecules involved in Aspergillus fumigatus virulence. Rev Iberoam Micol. 2005; 22(1):1-23. DOI: 10.1016/s1130-1406(05)70001-2. View

12.

Kim K, Min J, Dickman M . Oxalic acid is an elicitor of plant programmed cell death during Sclerotinia sclerotiorum disease development. Mol Plant Microbe Interact. 2008; 21(5):605-12. DOI: 10.1094/MPMI-21-5-0605. View

13.

Liang Y, Xiong W, Steinkellner S, Feng J . Deficiency of the melanin biosynthesis genes SCD1 and THR1 affects sclerotial development and vegetative growth, but not pathogenicity, in Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Mol Plant Pathol. 2017; 19(6):1444-1453. PMC: 6638068. DOI: 10.1111/mpp.12627. View

14.

Li R, Rimmer R, Buchwaldt L, Sharpe A, Seguin-Swartz G, Hegedus D . Interaction of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum with Brassica napus: cloning and characterization of endo- and exo-polygalacturonases expressed during saprophytic and parasitic modes. Fungal Genet Biol. 2004; 41(8):754-65. DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2004.03.002. View

15.

Casadevall A . Determinants of virulence in the pathogenic fungi. Fungal Biol Rev. 2009; 21(4):130-132. PMC: 2693381. DOI: 10.1016/j.fbr.2007.02.007. View

16.

Harwood C, Parales R . The beta-ketoadipate pathway and the biology of self-identity. Annu Rev Microbiol. 1996; 50:553-90. DOI: 10.1146/annurev.micro.50.1.553. View

17.

Dallal Bashi Z, Hegedus D, Buchwaldt L, Rimmer S, Borhan M . Expression and regulation of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum necrosis and ethylene-inducing peptides (NEPs). Mol Plant Pathol. 2010; 11(1):43-53. PMC: 6640525. DOI: 10.1111/j.1364-3703.2009.00571.x. View

18.

Reis H, Pfiffi S, Hahn M . Molecular and functional characterization of a secreted lipase from Botrytis cinerea. Mol Plant Pathol. 2010; 6(3):257-67. DOI: 10.1111/j.1364-3703.2005.00280.x. View

19.

Kars I, Krooshof G, Wagemakers L, Joosten R, Benen J, van Kan J . Necrotizing activity of five Botrytis cinerea endopolygalacturonases produced in Pichia pastoris. Plant J. 2005; 43(2):213-25. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2005.02436.x. View

20.

Xiao X, Xie J, Cheng J, Li G, Yi X, Jiang D . Novel secretory protein Ss-Caf1 of the plant-pathogenic fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is required for host penetration and normal sclerotial development. Mol Plant Microbe Interact. 2013; 27(1):40-55. DOI: 10.1094/MPMI-05-13-0145-R. View