Ultrasound-Guided Funicular Block: Ropivacaine Injection into the Tissue Around the Spermatic Cord to Improve Analgesia During Orchiectomy in Dogs

Overview

Journal Animals (Basel)

Date 2021 Apr 30

PMID 33925210

Citations 15

Authors

Vincenzo Cicirelli

Pasquale Debidda

Nicola Maggio

Michele Caira

Giovanni M Lacalandra

Giulio G Aiudi

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Orchiectomy is a common surgical procedure performed on small animals, and it requires postoperative pain management despite its relative simplicity. This study aimed to evaluate the hemodynamic stability, intraoperative administration of additional hypnotic and/or analgesic drugs, and postoperative pain scores following the combination of ultrasound-guided injection of ropivacaine hydrochloride into the spermatic cord and infiltration by the same anaesthetic of the incisional prescrotal line (ROP) or general anaesthesia. Dogs in the ROP group showed greater intraoperative hemodynamic stability and lower pain scores than the control group. The locoregional approach used in this study proved effective in minimising the responses to the surgical stimulus and ensured adequate analgesia intra- and postoperatively. This method, called ultrasound-guided funicular block, allows orchiectomy to be performed under deep sedation without general anaesthesia.

Citing Articles

Premedication with acetazolamide: Is its use for postoperative pain and stress control after laparoscopic ovariectomy in dogs ruled out?.

Tavares I, Rivero R, Sales-Luis J, Vaudano C, Correia S, Corbera J Vet Med Sci. 2023; 9(3):1114-1123.

PMID: 36952262 PMC: 10188092. DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1115.

Update on canine anorchia: A review.

Cicirelli V, Burgio M, Mrenoshki D, Cseh S, Aiudi G, Lacalandra G Vet Med Sci. 2023; 9(2):600-603.

PMID: 36597410 PMC: 10029902. DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1033.

Tissue sealing versus suture ligation in open canine ovariectomy: Surgical times, intraoperative nociceptive response and frequency of complications.

Cicirelli V, Burgio M, Carbonari A, Lacalandra G, Aiudi G Vet Med Sci. 2022; 9(1):76-81.

PMID: 36519212 PMC: 9857134. DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1012.

Local and Regional Anaesthetic Techniques in Canine Ovariectomy: A Review of the Literature and Technique Description.

Cicirelli V, Burgio M, Lacalandra G, Aiudi G Animals (Basel). 2022; 12(15).

PMID: 35953908 PMC: 9367435. DOI: 10.3390/ani12151920.

Effect of Hydrolyzed Lignin on Biochemical Profile, Oxidative Status, and Semen Quality of Healthy Dogs.

Aiudi G, Cicirelli V, Maggiolino A, Burgio M, Bragaglio A, Tateo A Front Vet Sci. 2022; 9:866112.

PMID: 35720850 PMC: 9198548. DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.866112.

References

Howe L . Surgical methods of contraception and sterilization. Theriogenology. 2006; 66(3):500-9. DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2006.04.005. View

Egger C, Glerum L, Allen S, Haag M . Plasma fentanyl concentrations in awake cats and cats undergoing anesthesia and ovariohysterectomy using transdermal administration. Vet Anaesth Analg. 2003; 30(4):229-36. DOI: 10.1046/j.1467-2995.2003.00109.x. View

Romsing J, Mysager S, Vilmann P, Sonne J, Larsen N, stergaard D . Postoperative analgesia is not different after local vs systemic administration of meloxicam in patients undergoing inguinal hernia repair. Can J Anaesth. 2001; 48(10):978-84. DOI: 10.1007/BF03016587. View

Lambertini C, Kluge K, Lanza-Perea M, Bruhl-Day R, Kalchofner Guerrero K . Comparison of intraperitoneal ropivacaine and bupivacaine for postoperative analgesia in dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy. Vet Anaesth Analg. 2018; 45(6):865-870. DOI: 10.1016/j.vaa.2018.06.012. View

Almeida R, Escobar A, Maguilnik S . Comparison of analgesia provided by lidocaine, lidocaine-morphine or lidocaine-tramadol delivered epidurally in dogs following orchiectomy. Vet Anaesth Analg. 2010; 37(6):542-9. DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-2995.2010.00563.x. View

Cicirelli V, Debidda P, Maggio N, Caira M, Mrenoshki D, Aiudi G . Use of Spinal Anaesthesia with Anaesthetic Block of Intercostal Nerves Compared to a Continuous Infusion of Sufentanyl to Improve Analgesia in Cats Undergoing Unilateral Mastectomy. Animals (Basel). 2021; 11(3). PMC: 8003676. DOI: 10.3390/ani11030887. View

Adin C . Complications of ovariohysterectomy and orchiectomy in companion animals. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 2011; 41(5):1023-39, viii. DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2011.05.004. View

Bekker A, Kloepping C, Collingwood S . Meloxicam in the management of post-operative pain: Narrative review. J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol. 2019; 34(4):450-457. PMC: 6360894. DOI: 10.4103/joacp.JOACP_133_18. View

Grubb T, Lobprise H . Local and regional anaesthesia in dogs and cats: Descriptions of specific local and regional techniques (Part 2). Vet Med Sci. 2020; 6(2):218-234. PMC: 7196680. DOI: 10.1002/vms3.218. View

10.

Barletta M, Austin B, Ko J, Payton M, Weil A, Inoue T . Evaluation of dexmedetomidine and ketamine in combination with opioids as injectable anesthesia for castration in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2011; 238(9):1159-67. DOI: 10.2460/javma.238.9.1159. View

11.

Cardoso C, Marques D, da Silva T, de Mattos-Junior E . Cardiorespiratory, sedative and antinociceptive effects of dexmedetomidine alone or in combination with methadone, morphine or tramadol in dogs. Vet Anaesth Analg. 2014; 41(6):636-43. DOI: 10.1111/vaa.12172. View

12.

Mwangi W, Mogoa E, Mwangi J, Mbuthia P, Mbugua S . A systematic review of analgesia practices in dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy. Vet World. 2019; 11(12):1725-1735. PMC: 6362335. DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2018.1725-1735. View

13.

Looney A, Bohling M, Bushby P, Howe L, Griffin B, Levy J . The Association of Shelter Veterinarians veterinary medical care guidelines for spay-neuter programs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2008; 233(1):74-86. DOI: 10.2460/javma.233.1.74. View

14.

Ingvast-Larsson C, Holgersson A, Bondesson U, Lagerstedt A, Olsson K . Clinical pharmacology of methadone in dogs. Vet Anaesth Analg. 2009; 37(1):48-56. DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-2995.2009.00476.x. View

15.

Wenger S, Moens Y, Jaggin N, Schatzmann U . Evaluation of the analgesic effect of lidocaine and bupivacaine used to provide a brachial plexus block for forelimb surgery in 10 dogs. Vet Rec. 2005; 156(20):639-42. DOI: 10.1136/vr.156.20.639. View