Adjusted Indirect and Mixed Comparisons of Conservative Treatments for Hallux Valgus: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis

Overview

Journal Int J Environ Res Public Health

Publisher MDPI

Specialties Environmental Health
Public Health

Date 2021 Apr 30

PMID 33917568

Citations 7

Authors

Jianhua Ying

Yining Xu

Biro Istvan

Feng Ren

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

: Hallux valgus (HV) deformity is a common, potentially debilitating deformity. And evidence with high-quality for the conservative treatments of HV deformity is still required.; AIMS: To compare the effects of different conservative treatments for hallux valgus deformity by using the method of network meta-analysis.; : A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials identified by searching PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE, OVID, and CINAHL. The included studies should have the characteristics that: (1) participants with hallux valgus deformity of any age (2) conservative treatments (3) Reported the hallux valgus (HVA), the intermetatarsal angle (IMA), the score of the Visual Analog Scale, and the score of Foot Function Index.; : 11 studies were included in this review. The agreement between reviewers reached a kappa value of 0.75. The results of the network meta-analysis showed that a combination of exercise and toe separator, night splints, and dry needling are most likely to be the best choice for reducing the hallux valgus angle (HVA) and intermetatarsal angle, and toe separators (with or without exercise), dry needling, and manipulation (with or without ice treatment) have advantages in improving the subjective feeling of patients.; : Multi-disciplinary conservative treatments have a great potential for hallux valgus deformity. More research with high-quality is needed to give a comprehensive and reasonable scheme of a holistic and long-term treatment protocol.

Citing Articles

The causal relationship between hallux valgus and endogenous pathogenic factors: A 2-sample Mendelian randomization.

Xie Y, Liang J, Du G, Lu H, Luo W, Wu J Medicine (Baltimore). 2025; 104(8):e41647.

PMID: 39993087 PMC: 11856883. DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000041647.

Toe Separators as a Therapeutic Tool in Physiotherapy-A Systematic Review.

Krzesniak H, Truszczynska-Baszak A J Clin Med. 2025; 13(24.

PMID: 39768694 PMC: 11727658. DOI: 10.3390/jcm13247771.

The efficacy of shoes modification and orthotics in hallux valgus deformity: a comprehensive review of literature.

Colo G, Leigheb M, Surace M, Fusini F Musculoskelet Surg. 2024; 108(4):395-402.

PMID: 38922494 DOI: 10.1007/s12306-024-00839-9.

Effects of custom insoles for symptomatic hallux valgus: protocol for a sham-controlled randomised trial.

Cavalcanti R, Mendes A, Barbosa G, de Souza M BMJ Open. 2023; 13(7):e069872.

PMID: 37400239 PMC: 10335489. DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-069872.

Minimally Invasive Surgery Using a Shannon Burr for the Treatment of Hallux Valgus Deformity: A Systematic Review.

Gonzalez T, Encinas R, Johns W, Jackson 3rd J Foot Ankle Orthop. 2023; 8(1):24730114221151069.

PMID: 36741678 PMC: 9893087. DOI: 10.1177/24730114221151069.

References

Nix S, Vicenzino B, Collins N, Smith M . Characteristics of foot structure and footwear associated with hallux valgus: a systematic review. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2012; 20(10):1059-74. DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2012.06.007. View

Sharma G, Noohu M . Effect of ice massage on lower extremity functional performance and weight discrimination ability in collegiate footballers. Asian J Sports Med. 2014; 5(3):e23184. PMC: 4267493. DOI: 10.5812/asjsm.23184. View

Budiman-Mak E, Conrad K, Roach K, Moore J, Lertratanakul Y, Koch A . Can foot orthoses prevent hallux valgus deformity in rheumatoid arthritis? A randomized clinical trial. J Clin Rheumatol. 2008; 1(6):313-22. DOI: 10.1097/00124743-199512000-00001. View

Astin J, Marie A, Pelletier K, Hansen E, Haskell W . A review of the incorporation of complementary and alternative medicine by mainstream physicians. Arch Intern Med. 1998; 158(21):2303-10. DOI: 10.1001/archinte.158.21.2303. View

Carl A, Ross S, Evanski P, Waugh T . Hypermobility in hallux valgus. Foot Ankle. 1988; 8(5):264-70. DOI: 10.1177/107110078800800507. View

Torkki M, Malmivaara A, Seitsalo S, Hoikka V, Laippala P, Paavolainen P . Surgery vs orthosis vs watchful waiting for hallux valgus: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2001; 285(19):2474-80. DOI: 10.1001/jama.285.19.2474. View

McNerney J, JOHNSTON W . Generalized ligamentous laxity, hallux abducto valgus and the first metatarsocuneiform joint. J Am Podiatry Assoc. 1979; 69(1):69-82. DOI: 10.7547/87507315-69-1-69. View

SHINE I . INCIDENCE OF HALLUX VALGUS IN A PARTIALLY SHOE-WEARING COMMUNITY. Br Med J. 1965; 1(5451):1648-50. PMC: 2167058. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.1.5451.1648. View

Mirzashahi B, Ahmadifar M, Birjandi M, Pournia Y . Comparison of designed slippers splints with the splints available on the market in the treatment of hallux valgus. Acta Med Iran. 2012; 50(2):107-12. View

10.

Nix S, Smith M, Vicenzino B . Prevalence of hallux valgus in the general population: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Foot Ankle Res. 2010; 3:21. PMC: 2955707. DOI: 10.1186/1757-1146-3-21. View

11.

Moulodi N, Kamyab M, Farzadi M . A comparison of the hallux valgus angle, range of motion, and patient satisfaction after use of dynamic and static orthoses. Foot (Edinb). 2019; 41:6-11. DOI: 10.1016/j.foot.2019.06.002. View

12.

Abdalbary S . Foot Mobilization and Exercise Program Combined with Toe Separator Improves Outcomes in Women with Moderate Hallux Valgus at 1-Year Follow-up . J Am Podiatr Med Assoc. 2018; 108(6):478-486. DOI: 10.7547/17-026. View

13.

Ng C, Amin A, Narborough S, McMullan L, Cook R, Brenkel I . Manipulation under anaesthesia and early physiotherapy facilitate recovery of patients with frozen shoulder syndrome. Scott Med J. 2009; 54(1):29-31. DOI: 10.1258/rsmsmj.54.1.29. View

14.

FRITZ G, Prieskorn D . First metatarsocuneiform motion: a radiographic and statistical analysis. Foot Ankle Int. 1995; 16(3):117-23. DOI: 10.1177/107110079501600302. View

15.

La Reaux R, Lee B . Metatarsus adductus and hallux abducto valgus: their correlation. J Foot Surg. 1987; 26(4):304-8. View

16.

James S, Ali K, Pocock C, Robertson C, Walter J, Bell J . Ultrasound guided dry needling and autologous blood injection for patellar tendinosis. Br J Sports Med. 2007; 41(8):518-21. PMC: 2465422. DOI: 10.1136/bjsm.2006.034686. View

17.

Chadchavalpanichaya N, Prakotmongkol V, Polhan N, Rayothee P, Seng-Iad S . Effectiveness of the custom-mold room temperature vulcanizing silicone toe separator on hallux valgus: A prospective, randomized single-blinded controlled trial. Prosthet Orthot Int. 2017; 42(2):163-170. DOI: 10.1177/0309364617698518. View

18.

HARDY R, CLAPHAM J . Observations on hallux valgus; based on a controlled series. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1951; 33-B(3):376-91. DOI: 10.1302/0301-620X.33B3.376. View

19.

van den Bekerom M, Struijs P, Blankevoort L, Welling L, van Dijk C, Kerkhoffs G . What is the evidence for rest, ice, compression, and elevation therapy in the treatment of ankle sprains in adults?. J Athl Train. 2012; 47(4):435-43. PMC: 3396304. DOI: 10.4085/1062-6050-47.4.14. View

20.

Mills E, Thorlund K, Ioannidis J . Demystifying trial networks and network meta-analysis. BMJ. 2013; 346:f2914. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.f2914. View