Harnessing Adipose Stem Cell Diversity in Regenerative Medicine

Overview

Journal APL Bioeng

Date 2021 Apr 9

PMID 33834153

Citations 9

Authors

Chang Gui

Jacob Parson

Gretchen A Meyer

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Since the first isolation of mesenchymal stem cells from lipoaspirate in the early 2000s, adipose tissue has been a darling of regenerative medicine. It is abundant, easy to access, and contains high concentrations of stem cells (ADSCs) exhibiting multipotency, proregenerative paracrine signaling, and immunomodulation-a winning combination for stem cell-based therapeutics. While basic science, preclinical and clinical findings back up the translational potential of ADSCs, the vast majority of these used cells from a single location-subcutaneous abdominal fat. New data highlight incredible diversity in the adipose morphology and function in different anatomical locations or depots. Even in isolation, ADSCs retain a memory of this diversity, suggesting that the optimal adipose source material for ADSC isolation may be application specific. This review discusses our current understanding of the heterogeneity in the adipose organ, how that heterogeneity translates into depot-specific ADSC characteristics, and how atypical ADSC populations might be harnessed for regenerative medicine applications. While our understanding of the breadth of ADSC heterogeneity is still in its infancy, clear trends are emerging for application-specific sourcing to improve regenerative outcomes.

Citing Articles

Single cell transcriptomics profiling of the stromal cells in the pathologic association of ribosomal proteins in the ischemic myocardium and epicardial fat.

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Dissecting human adipose tissue heterogeneity using single-cell omics technologies.

Di Rocco G, Trivisonno A, Trivisonno G, Toietta G Stem Cell Res Ther. 2024; 15(1):322.

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The Complementary Roles of Neurological and Musculoskeletal Physical Therapy and Regenerative Medicine: A Comprehensive Review.

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Comparative single-cell transcriptional and proteomic atlas of clinical-grade injectable mesenchymal source tissues.

Ruoss S, Nasamran C, Ball S, Chen J, Halter K, Bruno K Sci Adv. 2024; 10(28):eadn2831.

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Comparison of therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cells derived from superficial and deep subcutaneous adipose tissues.

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