Infarct in the Heart: What's MMP-9 Got to Do with It?

Overview

Journal Biomolecules

Publisher MDPI

Specialties Biochemistry
Molecular Biology

Date 2021 Apr 3

PMID 33805901

Citations 31

Authors

Mediha Becirovic-Agic

Upendra Chalise

Michael J Daseke 2nd

Shelby Konfrst

Jeffrey D Salomon

Paras K Mishra

Merry L Lindsey

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Over the past three decades, numerous studies have shown a strong connection between matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) levels and myocardial infarction (MI) mortality and left ventricle remodeling and dysfunction. Despite this fact, clinical trials using MMP-9 inhibitors have been disappointing. This review focuses on the roles of MMP-9 in MI wound healing. Infiltrating leukocytes, cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells secrete MMP-9 during all phases of cardiac repair. MMP-9 both exacerbates the inflammatory response and aids in inflammation resolution by stimulating the pro-inflammatory to reparative cell transition. In addition, MMP-9 has a dual effect on neovascularization and prevents an overly stiff scar. Here, we review the complex role of MMP-9 in cardiac wound healing, and highlight the importance of targeting MMP-9 only for its detrimental actions. Therefore, delineating signaling pathways downstream of MMP-9 is critical.

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