Spatio-Temporal Expression Pattern of Ki-67, PRB, MMP-9 and Bax in Human Secondary Palate Development

Overview

Journal Life (Basel)

Specialty Biology

Date 2021 Mar 6

PMID 33672637

Citations 3

Authors

Tanja Simic Bilandzija

Katarina Vukojevic

Anka Coric

Ivna Vukovic Kekez

Ivana Medvedec Mikic

Lidija Lasic Arapovic

Natalija Filipovic

Jasminka Andelic

Mirna Saraga-Babic

Danijela Kalibovic Govorko

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

We analyzed the immunohistochemical expression of Ki-67, pRb, Bax, and MMP-9 during the human secondary palate formation (7th to 12th developmental weeks (DWs). The most significant proliferation was observed in the seventh DW with 32% of Ki-67-positive cells in the epithelium, while loose ectomesenchyme condensations (lec) and loose non-condensing ectomesenchyme (lnc) had only 18 and 11%, respectively (Kruskal-Wallis, < 0.001), and diminished afterwards. Contrarily, pRb-positive cells were mostly located in the lnc (67%), with significant difference in comparison to epithelium and lec in all investigated periods (Kruskal-Wallis, < 0.001). Ki-67- and pRb-positive cells co-expressed occasionally in all investigated periods. MMP-9 displayed a strong expression pattern with the highest number of positive cells during the seventh DW in the epithelium, with significant difference in comparison to lec and lnc (Kruskal-Wallis, < 0.0001). The ninth DW is particularly important for the Bax expression, especially in the epithelium (84%), in comparison to lec (58%) and lnc (47%) (Kruskal-Wallis, < 0.001). The co-expression of Bax and MMP-9 was seen only in the epithelium during seventh and ninth DWs. Our study indicates the parallel persistence of proliferation (Ki-67, pRb) and remodeling (MMP-9) that enables growth and apoptotic activity (Bax) that enable the removal of the epithelial cells at the fusion point during secondary palate formation.

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