Impacts of the Urinary Sodium-to-potassium Ratio, Sleep Efficiency, and Conventional Risk Factors on Home Hypertension in a General Japanese Population

Overview

Journal Hypertens Res

Specialty Cardiology & Vascular Diseases

Date 2021 Feb 16

PMID 33589797

Citations 3

Authors

Takumi Hirata

Mana Kogure

Naho Tsuchiya

Ken Miyagawa

Akira Narita

Kotaro Nochioka

Akira Uruno

Taku Obara

Tomohiro Nakamura

Naoki Nakaya

Hirohito Metoki

Masahiro Kikuya

Junichi Sugawara

Shinichi Kuriyama

Ichiro Tsuji

Shigeo Kure

Atsushi Hozawa

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Recently, a high urinary sodium-to-potassium (Na/K) ratio and reduced sleep efficiency, in addition to conventional risk factors (obesity and excess alcohol intake), have been identified as risk factors for hypertension. We estimated the population attributable fraction (PAF) for home hypertension due to these risk factors in a general Japanese population. We conducted a cross-sectional study including 1384 participants (393 men and 991 women) to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the presence of any of the conventional risk factors using multivariable logistic regression analyses. The models were adjusted for sex, age, smoking status, and log-transformed average daily steps. We also estimated the OR and 95% CI for the presence of any of the overall risk factors. Furthermore, we calculated the PAF due to these risk factors. The results showed that the prevalence of home hypertension was 39.0% (540/1384). The presence of any of the conventional risk factors, as well as any of the overall risk factors, was significantly associated with an increased prevalence of hypertension (OR 2.80, 95% CI 2.15-3.65; OR 2.50, 95% CI 1.93-3.22, respectively). The PAF for hypertension due to the presence of any of the conventional risk factors and the PAF due to the presence of any of the overall risk factors were 30.2% and 39.0%, respectively. In conclusion, the impact of the overall risk factors, including the urinary Na/K ratio and sleep efficiency, on home hypertension was higher than that of conventional risk factors alone. The management of the urinary Na/K ratio and sleep efficiency as well as conventional risk factors might be important in the management of blood pressure.

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