Avoiding Drug Resistance in HIV Reverse Transcriptase

Overview

Journal Chem Rev

Publisher American Chemical Society

Specialty Chemistry

Date 2021 Jan 28

PMID 33507067

Citations 26

Authors

Maria E Cilento

Karen A Kirby

Stefan G Sarafianos

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

HIV reverse transcriptase (RT) is an enzyme that plays a major role in the replication cycle of HIV and has been a key target of anti-HIV drug development efforts. Because of the high genetic diversity of the virus, mutations in RT can impart resistance to various RT inhibitors. As the prevalence of drug resistance mutations is on the rise, it is necessary to design strategies that will lead to drugs less susceptible to resistance. Here we provide an in-depth review of HIV reverse transcriptase, current RT inhibitors, novel RT inhibitors, and mechanisms of drug resistance. We also present novel strategies that can be useful to overcome RT's ability to escape therapies through drug resistance. While resistance may not be completely avoidable, designing drugs based on the strategies and principles discussed in this review could decrease the prevalence of drug resistance.

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