The Importance of Stromal Endometriosis in Thoracic Endometriosis

Overview

Journal Cells

Publisher MDPI

Specialties Biochemistry
Biophysics
Cell Biology
Molecular Biology

Date 2021 Jan 22

PMID 33477657

Citations 5

Authors

Ezekiel Mecha

Roselydiah Makunja

Jane B Maoga

Agnes N Mwaura

Muhammad A Riaz

Charles O A Omwandho

Ivo Meinhold-Heerlein

Lutz Konrad

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Thoracic endometriosis (TE) is a rare type of endometriosis, where endometrial tissue is found in or around the lungs and is frequent among extra-pelvic endometriosis patients. Catamenial pneumothorax (CP) is the most common form of TE and is characterized by recurrent lung collapses around menstruation. In addition to histology, immunohistochemical evaluation of endometrial implants is used more frequently. In this review, we compared immunohistochemical (CPE) with histological (CPH) characterizations of TE/CP and reevaluated arguments in favor of the implantation theory of Sampson. A summary since the first immunohistochemical description in 1998 until 2019 is provided. The emphasis was on classification of endometrial implants into glands, stroma, and both together. The most remarkable finding is the very high percentage of stromal endometriosis of 52.7% (CPE) compared to 10.2% (CPH). Chest pain, dyspnea, right-sided preference, and diaphragmatic endometrial implants showed the highest percentages in both groups. No significant association was found between the recurrence rate and the various appearances of endometriosis. Sometimes in CPE (6.8%) and CPH (30.6%) no endometrial implants were identified underlining the importance of sensitive detection of endometriosis during and after surgery. We suggest that immunohistochemical evaluation should become mandatory and will improve diagnosis and classification of the disease.

Citing Articles

Thoracic Endometriosis Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review and Multidisciplinary Approach to Management.

Nezhat C, Amirlatifi N, Najmi Z, Tsuei A J Clin Med. 2025; 13(24.

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Thoracic Endometriosis Masquerading As Recurrent Hemothorax.

Udoh K, Udoh A, Vallabhaneni M, Busa V, Surakanti S Cureus. 2024; 16(8):e67235.

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The Different Gene Expression Profile in the Eutopic and Ectopic Endometrium Sheds New Light on the Endometrial Seed in Endometriosis.

Riaz M, Mecha E, Omwandho C, Zeppernick F, Meinhold-Heerlein I, Konrad L Biomedicines. 2024; 12(6).

PMID: 38927483 PMC: 11201009. DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12061276.

Diaphragmatic Endometriosis-A Single-Center Retrospective Analysis of the Patients' Demographics, Symptomatology, and Long-Term Treatment Outcomes.

Naem A, Andrikos A, Constantin A, Khamou M, Andrikos D, Lagana A J Clin Med. 2023; 12(20).

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Clinicopathological correlations of peritoneal endometriosis and deep infiltrating endometriosis.

Qiu M, Wang Y, Ren R, Sun Y, Xiao S, Han L Ann Med. 2023; 55(2):2244877.

PMID: 37624743 PMC: 10461492. DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2244877.

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