The Retrobulbar Spot Sign and Prominent Middle Limiting Membrane As Prognostic Markers in Non-Arteritic Retinal Artery Occlusion

Overview

Journal J Clin Med

Specialty General Medicine

Date 2021 Jan 22

PMID 33477523

Citations 5

Authors

Marlena Schnieder

Charlotte V Fischer-Wedi

Sebastian Bemme

Mai-Linh Kortleben

Nicolas Feltgen

Jan Liman

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is characterized by the sudden, painless loss of vision. Typical sonographic and optic coherence tomography (OCT) findings are a retrobulbar spot sign and prominent middle limiting membrane (p-MLM) sign. It remains uncertain whether the retrobulbar spot sign alone or coinciding with the appearance of p-MLM sign is a prognostic marker for visual acuity and the development of secondary retinal ischemia after CRAO. In our prospective cohort study, we included patients with a non-arteritic central artery occlusion < 4 weeks. We examined the following parameters at prespecified time points: ultrasound examination of orbital cavity, Spectral Domain-OCT examination, visual acuity test, and fundoscopy and ultra-widefield angiography to diagnose retinal vascularization. The presence of p-MLM sign in SD-OCT after CRAO was accompanied by significantly better vision during the first four weeks (2.3 (IQR 0.75) vs. 2.6 (IQR 0.33); = 0.006). Moreover, the spot sign seems to be a prognostic factor for developing secondary retinal ischemia (8 (100%) vs. 0 (0%); = 0.036). A retrobulbar spot sign seems to be a negative prognostic factor and is associated with secondary retinal ischemia, whereas a p-MLM sign is a somewhat positive prognostic factor for visual acuity.

Citing Articles

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