Myeloid Cells, Tissue Homeostasis, and Anatomical Barriers As Innate Immune Effectors in Arterial Hypertension

Overview

Journal J Mol Med (Berl)

Specialty General Medicine

Date 2021 Jan 14

PMID 33443617

Authors

Johannes Wild

Philip Wenzel

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Although essential hypertension affects a large proportion of the human population and is one of the key drivers of cardiovascular mortality worldwide, we still do not have a complete understanding of its pathophysiology. More than 50 years ago, the immune system has been identified as an important part of the pathogenesis of arterial hypertension. An exceeding variety of recent publications deals with the interplay between the numerous different components of the immune system and mechanisms of arterial hypertension and has substantially contributed to our understanding of the role of immunity and inflammation in the pathogenesis of the disease. In this review, we focus on myeloid cells and anatomical barriers as particular aspects of innate immunity in arterial hypertension. Since it represents a first line of defense protecting against pathogens and maintaining tissue homeostasis, innate immunity provides many mechanistic hinge points in the area of hypertension.

References

David L, Materna A, Friedman J, Campos-Baptista M, Blackburn M, Perrotta A . Host lifestyle affects human microbiota on daily timescales. Genome Biol. 2014; 15(7):R89. PMC: 4405912. DOI: 10.1186/gb-2014-15-7-r89. View

Mills C, Kincaid K, Alt J, Heilman M, Hill A . M-1/M-2 macrophages and the Th1/Th2 paradigm. J Immunol. 2000; 164(12):6166-73. DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.164.12.6166. View

Medzhitov R, Preston-Hurlburt P, Janeway Jr C . A human homologue of the Drosophila Toll protein signals activation of adaptive immunity. Nature. 1997; 388(6640):394-7. DOI: 10.1038/41131. View

Ensan S, Li A, Besla R, Degousee N, Cosme J, Roufaiel M . Self-renewing resident arterial macrophages arise from embryonic CX3CR1(+) precursors and circulating monocytes immediately after birth. Nat Immunol. 2015; 17(2):159-68. DOI: 10.1038/ni.3343. View

Ridaura V, Faith J, Rey F, Cheng J, Duncan A, Kau A . Gut microbiota from twins discordant for obesity modulate metabolism in mice. Science. 2013; 341(6150):1241214. PMC: 3829625. DOI: 10.1126/science.1241214. View

Titze J, Bauer K, Schafflhuber M, Dietsch P, Lang R, Schwind K . Internal sodium balance in DOCA-salt rats: a body composition study. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2005; 289(4):F793-802. DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00096.2005. View

Rakova N, Juttner K, Dahlmann A, Schroder A, Linz P, Kopp C . Long-term space flight simulation reveals infradian rhythmicity in human Na(+) balance. Cell Metab. 2013; 17(1):125-31. DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2012.11.013. View

Wilck N, Matus M, Kearney S, Olesen S, Forslund K, Bartolomaeus H . Salt-responsive gut commensal modulates T17 axis and disease. Nature. 2017; 551(7682):585-589. PMC: 6070150. DOI: 10.1038/nature24628. View

PAGE I . The mosaic theory of arterial hypertension--its interpretation. Perspect Biol Med. 1967; 10(3):325-33. DOI: 10.1353/pbm.1967.0031. View

10.

Akira S . Pathogen recognition by innate immunity and its signaling. Proc Jpn Acad Ser B Phys Biol Sci. 2009; 85(4):143-56. PMC: 3524297. DOI: 10.2183/pjab.85.143. View

11.

Helle F, Karlsen T, Tenstad O, Titze J, Wiig H . High-salt diet increases hormonal sensitivity in skin pre-capillary resistance vessels. Acta Physiol (Oxf). 2012; 207(3):577-81. DOI: 10.1111/apha.12049. View

12.

Turnbaugh P, Ley R, Mahowald M, Magrini V, Mardis E, Gordon J . An obesity-associated gut microbiome with increased capacity for energy harvest. Nature. 2006; 444(7122):1027-31. DOI: 10.1038/nature05414. View

13.

Chen X, Ruan C, Ge Q, Ma Y, Xu J, Zhang Z . Deficiency of Complement C3a and C5a Receptors Prevents Angiotensin II-Induced Hypertension via Regulatory T Cells. Circ Res. 2018; 122(7):970-983. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.117.312153. View

14.

Davies L, Jenkins S, Allen J, Taylor P . Tissue-resident macrophages. Nat Immunol. 2013; 14(10):986-95. PMC: 4045180. DOI: 10.1038/ni.2705. View

15.

Zipfel P, Skerka C . Complement regulators and inhibitory proteins. Nat Rev Immunol. 2009; 9(10):729-40. DOI: 10.1038/nri2620. View

16.

Jhuang Y, Kao T, Peng T, Chen W, Li Y, Chang P . Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio as predictor for incident hypertension: a 9-year cohort study in Taiwan. Hypertens Res. 2019; 42(8):1209-1214. PMC: 8075864. DOI: 10.1038/s41440-019-0245-3. View

17.

Krishnan S, Dowling J, Ling Y, Diep H, Chan C, Ferens D . Inflammasome activity is essential for one kidney/deoxycorticosterone acetate/salt-induced hypertension in mice. Br J Pharmacol. 2015; 173(4):752-65. PMC: 4742291. DOI: 10.1111/bph.13230. View

18.

Herrera J, Ferrebuz A, MacGregor E, Rodriguez-Iturbe B . Mycophenolate mofetil treatment improves hypertension in patients with psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2006; 17(12 Suppl 3):S218-25. DOI: 10.1681/ASN.2006080918. View

19.

Zhang Y, Peng W, Ao X, Dai H, Yuan L, Huang X . TAK-242, a Toll-Like Receptor 4 Antagonist, Protects against Aldosterone-Induced Cardiac and Renal Injury. PLoS One. 2015; 10(11):e0142456. PMC: 4640881. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142456. View

20.

Wenzel P, Knorr M, Kossmann S, Stratmann J, Hausding M, Schuhmacher S . Lysozyme M-positive monocytes mediate angiotensin II-induced arterial hypertension and vascular dysfunction. Circulation. 2011; 124(12):1370-81. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.034470. View