Therapeutic Options Under Development for Nonneovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Geographic Atrophy

Overview

Journal Drugs Aging

Specialties Geriatrics
Pharmacology

Date 2020 Dec 23

PMID 33355716

Citations 5

Authors

Joon-Bom Kim

Eleonora M Lad

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a chronic, multifactorial disease and a leading cause of irreversible blindness in the elderly population in the Western Hemisphere. Among the two major subtypes of AMD, the prevalence of the nonneovascular (dry) type is approximately 85-90% and the neovascular (wet) type is 10-15%. Healthy lifestyle and nutritional supplements of anti-oxidative micronutrients have been shown to delay the progression of dry AMD and lower the risk of development of wet AMD, and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) injections have been shown to improve visual acuity for wet AMD patients. However, to date, there is no approved treatment for geographic atrophy (GA), a debilitating late stage of dry AMD. Thus, this represents a large unmet need in this patient population. This review focuses on the current management and treatment of nonneovascular AMD, the drugs and devices that have been under investigation for the treatment of GA, and the latest clinical trial results. A few therapeutic options have shown initial promising clinical trial results, but failed to show efficacy in larger trials, while others are awaiting future clinical trial results and long-term follow-up to evaluate safety and efficacy.

Citing Articles

Repurposing Drugs for Treatment of Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

Francisco S, Rowan S Adv Exp Med Biol. 2023; 1415:73-77.

PMID: 37440017 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-27681-1_12.

Machine learning OCT predictors of progression from intermediate age-related macular degeneration to geographic atrophy and vision loss.

Lad E, Sleiman K, Banks D, Hariharan S, Clemons T, Herrmann R Ophthalmol Sci. 2022; 2(2).

PMID: 35662803 PMC: 9161427. DOI: 10.1016/j.xops.2022.100160.

Bone marrow-derived mononuclear stem cells in the treatment of retinal degenerations.

Garcia-Ayuso D, Di Pierdomenico J, Garcia-Bernal D, Vidal-Sanz M, Villegas-Perez M Neural Regen Res. 2022; 17(9):1937-1944.

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Complement Mediators in Development to Treat Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

Nebbioso M, Franzone F, Lambiase A, Taurone S, Artico M, Gharbiya M Drugs Aging. 2022; 39(2):107-118.

PMID: 35050489 DOI: 10.1007/s40266-021-00914-x.

Biomarkers for Nonexudative Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Relevance for Clinical Trials: A Systematic Review.

Fang V, Gomez-Caraballo M, Lad E Mol Diagn Ther. 2021; 25(6):691-713.

PMID: 34432254 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-021-00551-5.

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