Repurposing of Miltefosine As an Adjuvant for Influenza Vaccine

Overview

Journal Vaccines (Basel)

Date 2020 Dec 16

PMID 33322574

Citations 5

Authors

Lu Lu

Carol Ho-Yan Fong

Anna Jinxia Zhang

Wai-Lan Wu

Iris Can Li

Andrew Chak-Yiu Lee

Thrimendra Kaushika Dissanayake

Linlei Chen

Ivan Fan-Ngai Hung

Kwok-Hung Chan

Hin Chu

Kin-Hang Kok

Kwok-Yung Yuen

Kelvin Kai-Wang To

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

We previously reported that topical imiquimod can improve the immunogenicity of the influenza vaccine. This study investigated another FDA-approved drug, miltefosine (MTF), as a vaccine adjuvant. Mice immunized with an influenza vaccine with or without MTF adjuvant were challenged by a lethal dose of influenza virus 3 or 7 days after vaccination. Survival, body weight, antibody response, histopathological changes, viral loads, cytokine levels, and T cell frequencies were compared. The MTF-adjuvanted vaccine (MTF-VAC) group had a significantly better survival rate than the vaccine-only (VAC) group, when administered 3 days (80% vs. 26.7%, = 0.0063) or 7 days (96% vs. 65%, = 0.0041) before influenza virus challenge. Lung damage was significantly ameliorated in the MTF-VAC group. Antibody response was significantly augmented in the MTF-VAC group against both homologous and heterologous influenza strains. There was a greater T follicular helper cell (T) response and an enhanced germinal center (GC) reaction in the MTF-VAC group. MTF-VAC also induced both T1 and T2 antigen-specific cytokine responses. MTF improved the efficacy of the influenza vaccine against homologous and heterologous viruses by improving the T and antibody responses. Miltefosine may also be used for other vaccines, including the upcoming vaccines for COVID-19.

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