A Composite Anion Conducting Membrane Based on Quaternized Cellulose and Poly(Phenylene Oxide) for Alkaline Fuel Cell Applications

Overview

Journal Polymers (Basel)

Publisher MDPI

Date 2020 Nov 17

PMID 33198387

Citations 6

Authors

Dong Ho Kang

Gautam Das

Hyon Hee Yoon

Il Tae Kim

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

In this study, composite anion exchange membranes (AEMs) were synthesized by cross-linking poly(phenylene oxide) (PPO) with cellulose functionalized by 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]-octane (DABCO) or di-guanidine (DG). The structural and morphological characteristics of the synthesized AEMs were characterized by FTIR, H-NMR, SEM, TEM, and AFM, while their performance was evaluated in terms of ionic conductivity, water uptake, ion exchange capacity, and tensile strength with respect to the loading of the quaternized cellulose in the quaternized PPO (qPPO) matrix. The composite AEMs exhibited considerably enhanced mechanical and alkaline stability as well as good anion conductivity. The composite AEM with 7 wt% of cellulose functionalized with DG in the qPPO matrix (qPPO/DG-Cel7) exhibited a maximum hydroxide conductivity of 0.164 S cm. Furthermore, a urea/O fuel cell prepared using this composite membrane showed a maximum power density of 12.3 mW cm. The results indicated that the cellulose-based composite membranes showed a satisfactory performance in alkaline fuel cell applications.

Citing Articles

Review: chitosan-based biopolymers for anion-exchange membrane fuel cell application.

Myrzakhmetov B, Akhmetova A, Bissenbay A, Karibayev M, Pan X, Wang Y R Soc Open Sci. 2023; 10(11):230843.

PMID: 38026010 PMC: 10645128. DOI: 10.1098/rsos.230843.

Modified Cellulose Proton-Exchange Membranes for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells.

Palanisamy G, Oh T, Thangarasu S Polymers (Basel). 2023; 15(3).

PMID: 36771960 PMC: 9920170. DOI: 10.3390/polym15030659.

Development of Quaternized Chitosan Integrated with Nanofibrous Polyacrylonitrile Mat as an Anion-Exchange Membrane.

Akhmetova A, Myrzakhmetov B, Wang Y, Bakenov Z, Mentbayeva A ACS Omega. 2022; 7(49):45371-45380.

PMID: 36530230 PMC: 9753170. DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05961.

Anion Exchange Membranes for Fuel Cell Application: A Review.

Das G, Choi J, Nguyen P, Kim D, Yoon Y Polymers (Basel). 2022; 14(6).

PMID: 35335528 PMC: 8955432. DOI: 10.3390/polym14061197.

Polystyrene-Based Hydroxide-Ion-Conducting Ionomer: Binder Characteristics and Performance in Anion-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells.

Chae J, Lee S, Yoo S, Kim J, Jang J, Park H Polymers (Basel). 2021; 13(5).

PMID: 33668920 PMC: 7956690. DOI: 10.3390/polym13050690.

References

Anirudhan T, Jalajamony S . Cellulose-based anion exchanger with tertiary amine functionality for the extraction of arsenic(V) from aqueous media. J Environ Manage. 2010; 91(11):2201-7. DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.05.019. View

Noonan K, Hugar K, Kostalik 4th H, Lobkovsky E, Abruna H, Coates G . Phosphonium-functionalized polyethylene: a new class of base-stable alkaline anion exchange membranes. J Am Chem Soc. 2012; 134(44):18161-4. DOI: 10.1021/ja307466s. View

Tanaka M, Fukasawa K, Nishino E, Yamaguchi S, Yamada K, Tanaka H . Anion conductive block poly(arylene ether)s: synthesis, properties, and application in alkaline fuel cells. J Am Chem Soc. 2011; 133(27):10646-54. DOI: 10.1021/ja204166e. View

Cheng X, Wang J, Liao Y, Li C, Wei Z . Enhanced Conductivity of Anion-Exchange Membrane by Incorporation of Quaternized Cellulose Nanocrystal. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2018; 10(28):23774-23782. DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b05298. View

Cao X, Dong H, Li C . New nanocomposite materials reinforced with flax cellulose nanocrystals in waterborne polyurethane. Biomacromolecules. 2007; 8(3):899-904. DOI: 10.1021/bm0610368. View

Si Z, Qiu L, Dong H, Gu F, Li Y, Yan F . Effects of substituents and substitution positions on alkaline stability of imidazolium cations and their corresponding anion-exchange membranes. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2014; 6(6):4346-55. DOI: 10.1021/am500022c. View

Das G, Park B, Kim J, Kang D, Yoon H . Quaternized cellulose and graphene oxide crosslinked polyphenylene oxide based anion exchange membrane. Sci Rep. 2019; 9(1):9572. PMC: 6606628. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45947-w. View

Ass B, Ciacco G, Frollini E . Cellulose acetates from linters and sisal: correlation between synthesis conditions in DMAc/LiCl and product properties. Bioresour Technol. 2005; 97(14):1696-702. DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2005.10.009. View

Gericke M, Schaller J, Liebert T, Fardim P, Meister F, Heinze T . Studies on the tosylation of cellulose in mixtures of ionic liquids and a co-solvent. Carbohydr Polym. 2014; 89(2):526-36. DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.03.040. View

10.

Huang Y, Cai H, Yu T, Sun X, Tu B, Zhao D . Highly ordered mesoporous carbonaceous frameworks from a template of a mixed amphiphilic triblock-copolymer system of PEO-PPO-PEO and reverse PPO-PEO-PPO. Chem Asian J. 2007; 2(10):1282-9. DOI: 10.1002/asia.200700173. View

11.

Li N, Wang L, Hickner M . Cross-linked comb-shaped anion exchange membranes with high base stability. Chem Commun (Camb). 2014; 50(31):4092-5. DOI: 10.1039/c3cc49027k. View

12.

Mauritz K, Moore R . State of understanding of nafion. Chem Rev. 2005; 104(10):4535-85. DOI: 10.1021/cr0207123. View

13.

Eisele S, Ammon H, Kindervater R, Grobe A, Gopel W . Optimized biosensor for whole blood measurements using a new cellulose based membrane. Biosens Bioelectron. 1994; 9(2):119-24. DOI: 10.1016/0956-5663(94)80102-9. View

14.

Das G, Kim C, Kang D, Kim B, Yoon H . Quaternized Polysulfone Cross-Linked ,-Dimethyl Chitosan-Based Anion-Conducting Membranes. Polymers (Basel). 2019; 11(3). PMC: 6473834. DOI: 10.3390/polym11030512. View

15.

Li N, Leng Y, Hickner M, Wang C . Highly stable, anion conductive, comb-shaped copolymers for alkaline fuel cells. J Am Chem Soc. 2013; 135(27):10124-33. DOI: 10.1021/ja403671u. View

16.

Weiber E, Jannasch P . Ion distribution in quaternary-ammonium-functionalized aromatic polymers: effects on the ionic clustering and conductivity of anion-exchange membranes. ChemSusChem. 2014; 7(9):2621-30. DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201402223. View