The Molecular Pathophysiology of Concussion

Overview

Journal Clin Sports Med

Publisher Elsevier

Specialty Orthopedics

Date 2020 Nov 14

PMID 33187612

Citations 5

Authors

David R Howell

Julia Southard

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

After a concussion, a series of complex, overlapping, and disruptive events occur within the brain, leading to symptoms and behavioral dysfunction. These events include ionic shifts, damaged neuronal architecture, higher concentrations of inflammatory chemicals, increased excitatory neurotransmitter release, and cerebral blood flow disruptions, leading to a neuronal crisis. This review summarizes the translational aspects of the pathophysiologic cascade of postconcussion events, focusing on the role of excitatory neurotransmitters and ionic fluxes, and their role in neuronal disruption. We review the relationship between physiologic disruption and behavioral alterations, and proposed treatments aimed to restore the balance of disrupted processes.

Citing Articles

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Khan S, Talley L Neurosci Insights. 2025; 20:26331055251316315.

PMID: 39906029 PMC: 11792012. DOI: 10.1177/26331055251316315.

Concussion and the Autonomic, Immune, and Endocrine Systems: An Introduction to the Field and a Treatment Framework for Persisting Symptoms.

Pertab J, Merkley T, Winiarski H, Cramond K, Cramond A J Pers Med. 2025; 15(1).

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Role of nonpharmacological concussion management in children: systematic review of randomized controlled trials.

Siahaan A, Ivander A, Indharty R, Tandean S, Ginting A, Ginting M Clin Exp Pediatr. 2024; 67(11):569-579.

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Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, and Treatment Strategies of Concussions: A Comprehensive Review.

Ahmed Z, Chaudhary F, Fraix M, Agrawal D Fortune J Health Sci. 2024; 7(2):197-215.

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Conservative Management of Acute Sports-Related Concussions: A Narrative Review.

Kureshi S, Mendizabal M, Francis J, Djalilian H Healthcare (Basel). 2024; 12(3).

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