Pecan Pericarp Extract Protects Against Carbon Tetrachloride-induced Liver Injury Through Oxidative Mechanism in Rats

Overview

Journal Toxicol Res (Camb)

Publisher Oxford University Press

Date 2020 Nov 12

PMID 33178425

Authors

Hallegue Dorsaf

Moujahed Sabrine

Ben Lamine Houda

Ben Rhouma Khemais

Sakly Mohsen

Tebourbi Olfa

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to quantify the proanthocyanidin content of pecan () pericarp extract (PPE) and to assess its useful impacts against carbon tetrachloride (CCl)-induced hepatotoxicity. Rats were randomly divided into four groups: Group 1: received intraperitoneal injection of saline solution, Group 2: was injected with PPE (25 mg/kg body weight) for 10 consecutive days, Group 3: received CCl (0.5 ml/kg, subcutaneous injection), Group 4: was coadministred with PPE + CCl. The CCl was administered every 3 days during 10 days. Results revealed the presence of a high amount of total proanthocyanidins in the PPE (81.01 ± 0.21 mg TAE.gDW). CCl injection induced significant reductions in hepatic antioxidants but increased hepatic lipid peroxidation (LPO) as well as serum injury biomarkers. However, cotreatment with PPE significantly ( < 0.05) inverted CCl-induced increase in plasma alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and lactate dehydrogenase activities, respectively to 74%, 77%, 60%, and 82% compared with CCl group. No significant toxic effects were observed following treatment with plant extract alone. PPE cotreatment also decreased significant ( < 0.05) the hepatic malondialdehyde formation (21%) and enhanced the liver catalase activity (107%) in CCl-intoxicated rats. The histopathological examination showed inflammatory infiltration and degenerative changes in the hepatic tissue following CCl injection. The hepatoprotective activity of PPE against CCl exposure was supported by the maintenance of structural integrity of liver histopathology. In conclusion, the current study illustrated that PPE pretreatment significantly improved all examined parameters, restored the hepatic architecture and successfully alleviates oxidative damage induced by CCl intoxication.

References

Shen B, Chen H, Shen C, Xu P, Li J, Shen G . Hepatoprotective effects of lignans extract from Herpetospermum caudigerum against CCl₄-induced acute liver injury in mice. J Ethnopharmacol. 2015; 164:46-52. DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.01.044. View

Yamaji K, Ochiai Y, Ohnishi K, Yawata A, Chikuma T, Hojo H . Up-regulation of hepatic heme oxygenase-1 expression by locally induced interleukin-6 in rats administered carbon tetrachloride intraperitoneally. Toxicol Lett. 2008; 179(3):124-9. DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2008.04.012. View

Zhong Z, Froh M, Lehnert M, Schoonhoven R, Yang L, Lind H . Polyphenols from Camellia sinenesis attenuate experimental cholestasis-induced liver fibrosis in rats. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2003; 285(5):G1004-13. DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00008.2003. View

Chen R, Liu J, Chen Z, Cai W, Li X, Lu C . Anthraquinones Extract from Roxb. Root Alleviates Hepatic Injury Induced by Carbon Tetrachloride through Inhibition of Hepatic Oxidative Stress. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2020; 2020:9861571. PMC: 7149410. DOI: 10.1155/2020/9861571. View

Bissell M, Radisky D . Putting tumours in context. Nat Rev Cancer. 2002; 1(1):46-54. PMC: 2975572. DOI: 10.1038/35094059. View

Liu T, Zhang L, Joo D, Sun S . NF-κB signaling in inflammation. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2017; 2. PMC: 5661633. DOI: 10.1038/sigtrans.2017.23. View

LOWRY O, ROSEBROUGH N, FARR A, RANDALL R . Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem. 1951; 193(1):265-75. View

Shahat A, Ullah R, Alqahtani A, AlSaid M, Husseiny H, Al Meanazel O . Hepatoprotective Effect of Leaf Extract and Its Various Fractions against Carbon Tetra Chloride Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019; 2018:3782768. PMC: 6311294. DOI: 10.1155/2018/3782768. View

Cheng N, Ren N, Gao H, Lei X, Zheng J, Cao W . Antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of Schisandra chinensis pollen extract on CCl4-induced acute liver damage in mice. Food Chem Toxicol. 2012; 55:234-40. DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.11.022. View

10.

Wu X, Beecher G, Holden J, Haytowitz D, Gebhardt S, Prior R . Lipophilic and hydrophilic antioxidant capacities of common foods in the United States. J Agric Food Chem. 2004; 52(12):4026-37. DOI: 10.1021/jf049696w. View

11.

Buege J, Aust S . Microsomal lipid peroxidation. Methods Enzymol. 1978; 52:302-10. DOI: 10.1016/s0076-6879(78)52032-6. View

12.

Deng J, Chang Y, Wen C, Liao J, Hou W, Amagaya S . Hepatoprotective effect of the ethanol extract of Vitis thunbergii on carbon tetrachloride-induced acute hepatotoxicity in rats through anti-oxidative activities. J Ethnopharmacol. 2012; 142(3):795-803. DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.06.003. View

13.

Yogalakshmi B, Sathiya Priya C, Anuradha C . Grape seed proanthocyanidins and metformin combination attenuate hepatic endoplasmic reticulum stress in rats subjected to nutrition excess. Arch Physiol Biochem. 2018; 125(2):174-183. DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2018.1444058. View

14.

Ha K, Yoon S, Choi D, Kim D, Kim J, Kim C . Protective effect of Lycium chinense fruit on carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity. J Ethnopharmacol. 2004; 96(3):529-35. DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2004.09.054. View

15.

Rajput S, Sun L, Zhang N, Khalil M, Gao X, Ling Z . Ameliorative Effects of Grape Seed Proanthocyanidin Extract on Growth Performance, Immune Function, Antioxidant Capacity, Biochemical Constituents, Liver Histopathology and Aflatoxin Residues in Broilers Exposed to Aflatoxin B₁. Toxins (Basel). 2017; 9(11). PMC: 5705986. DOI: 10.3390/toxins9110371. View

16.

Kilany O, El-Beltagy M, El-Sherbeeny N . Tribulus terrestris ameliorates carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in male rats through suppression of oxidative stress and inflammation. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020; 27(20):24967-24981. DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08826-w. View

17.

Trevisan G, Rossato M, Hoffmeister C, Muller L, Pase C, Cordova M . Antinociceptive and antiedematogenic effect of pecan (Carya illinoensis) nut shell extract in mice: a possible beneficial use for a by-product of the nut industry. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol. 2014; :1-10. DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2013-0137. View

18.

Jia X, Luo H, Xu M, Zhai M, Guo Z, Qiao Y . Dynamic Changes in Phenolics and Antioxidant Capacity during Pecan (Carya illinoinensis) Kernel Ripening and Its Phenolics Profiles. Molecules. 2018; 23(2). PMC: 6017656. DOI: 10.3390/molecules23020435. View

19.

Girardi Muller L, Pase C, Reckziegel P, Barcelos R, Boufleur N, Prado A . Hepatoprotective effects of pecan nut shells on ethanol-induced liver damage. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2011; 65(1-2):165-71. DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2011.08.002. View

20.

Gu L, Kelm M, Hammerstone J, Beecher G, Holden J, Haytowitz D . Concentrations of proanthocyanidins in common foods and estimations of normal consumption. J Nutr. 2004; 134(3):613-7. DOI: 10.1093/jn/134.3.613. View