» Articles » PMID: 33169110

Impact of Gastrointestinal Symptoms in COVID-19: a Molecular Approach

Overview
Specialty General Medicine
Date 2020 Nov 10
PMID 33169110
Citations 15
Authors
Affiliations
Soon will be listed here.
Abstract

The pandemic of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by the Severe Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) creates an immense menace to public health worldwide. Currently, the World Health Organization (WHO) has recognized the novel coronavirus as the main cause of global pandemic. Patients infected with this virus generally show fever, nausea, and respiratory illness, while some patients also manifest gastrointestinal symptoms such as abdominal pain, vomiting, and diarrhea. Traces of SARS-CoV-2 RNA have been found in gastrointestinal cells. Further angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) the known receptor for the virus is extensively expressed in these cells. This implies that gastrointestinal tract can be infected and can also present them as a replication site for SARS-CoV-2, but since this infection may lead to multiple organ failure, therefore identification of another receptor is a plausible choice. This review aims to provide comprehensive information about probable receptors such as sialic acid and CD147 which may facilitate the virus entry. Several potential targets are mentioned which can be used as a therapeutic approach for COVID-19 and associated GI disorders. The gut microbiomes are responsible for high levels of interferon-gamma which causes hyper-inflammation and exacerbates the severity of the disease. Briefly, this article highlights the gut microbiome's relation and provides potential diagnostic approaches like RDT and LC-MS for sensitive and specific identification of viral proteins. Altogether, this article reviews epidemiology, probable receptors and put forward the tentative ideas of the therapeutic targets and diagnostic methods for COVID-19 with gastrointestinal aspect of disease.

Citing Articles

SARS-CoV-2 envelope protein induces necroptosis and mediates inflammatory response in lung and colon cells through receptor interacting protein kinase 1.

Baral B, Saini V, Tandon A, Singh S, Rele S, Dixit A Apoptosis. 2023; 28(11-12):1596-1617.

PMID: 37658919 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-023-01883-9.


and epithelial mesenchymal transition in human gastric cancers: An update of the literature.

Jamal Eddin T, Nasr S, Gupta I, Zayed H, Moustafa A Heliyon. 2023; 9(8):e18945.

PMID: 37609398 PMC: 10440535. DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18945.


Gastrointestinal Manifestations of SARS-CoV-2: Transmission, Pathogenesis, Immunomodulation, Microflora Dysbiosis, and Clinical Implications.

Durairajan S, Singh A, Saravanan U, Namachivayam M, Radhakrishnan M, Huang J Viruses. 2023; 15(6).

PMID: 37376531 PMC: 10304713. DOI: 10.3390/v15061231.


Differential Gene Expression Profiles Involved in the Inflammations Due to COVID-19 and Inflammatory Bowel Diseases and  the Investigation of Predictive Biomarkers.

Aishwarya S, Gunasekaran K Biochem Genet. 2023; 62(1):311-332.

PMID: 37335372 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-023-10414-9.


Comprehensive insight into altered host cell-signaling cascades upon Helicobacter pylori and Epstein-Barr virus infections in cancer.

Kashyap D, Rele S, Bagde P, Saini V, Chatterjee D, Jain A Arch Microbiol. 2023; 205(7):262.

PMID: 37310490 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03598-6.


References
1.
Peng J, Tang F, Zhou R, Xie X, Li S, Xie F . New techniques of on-line biological sample processing and their application in the field of biopharmaceutical analysis. Acta Pharm Sin B. 2016; 6(6):540-551. PMC: 5071623. DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2016.05.016. View

2.
Chan C, Lau S, Woo P, Tse H, Zheng B, Chen L . Identification of major histocompatibility complex class I C molecule as an attachment factor that facilitates coronavirus HKU1 spike-mediated infection. J Virol. 2008; 83(2):1026-35. PMC: 2612401. DOI: 10.1128/JVI.01387-08. View

3.
Pitt J . Principles and applications of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry in clinical biochemistry. Clin Biochem Rev. 2009; 30(1):19-34. PMC: 2643089. View

4.
Zhao J, Yuan Q, Wang H, Liu W, Liao X, Su Y . Antibody Responses to SARS-CoV-2 in Patients With Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019. Clin Infect Dis. 2020; 71(16):2027-2034. PMC: 7184337. DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa344. View

5.
Chandwani A, Shuter J . Lopinavir/ritonavir in the treatment of HIV-1 infection: a review. Ther Clin Risk Manag. 2009; 4(5):1023-33. PMC: 2621403. DOI: 10.2147/tcrm.s3285. View