The Noncoding and Coding Transcriptional Landscape of the Peripheral Immune Response in Patients with COVID-19

Overview

Journal Clin Transl Med

Publisher Wiley

Specialty General Medicine

Date 2020 Nov 2

PMID 33135345

Citations 90

Authors

Hao Tang

Yuehan Gao

Zhaohuai Li

YuShan Miao

Zhaohao Huang

Xiuxing Liu

Lihui Xie

He Li

Wen Wen

Yingfeng Zheng

Wenru Su

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: COVID-19 is currently a global pandemic, but the response of human immune system to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection remains unclear. Noncoding RNAs serve as immune regulators and thus may play a critical role in disease progression.

Methods: We performed multi-transcriptome sequencing of both noncoding RNAs and mRNAs isolated from the red blood cell depleted whole blood of moderate and severe COVID-19 patients. The functions of noncoding RNAs were validated by analyses of the expression of downstream mRNAs. We further utilized the single-cell RNA-seq data of COVID-19 patients from Wilk et al. and Chua et al. to characterize noncoding RNA functions in different cell types.

Results: We defined four types of microRNAs with different expression tendencies that could serve as biomarkers for COVID-19 progress. We also identified miR-146a-5p, miR-21-5p, miR-142-3p, and miR-15b-5p as potential contributors to the disease pathogenesis, possibly serving as biomarkers of severe COVID-19 and as candidate therapeutic targets. In addition, the transcriptome profiles consistently suggested hyperactivation of the immune response, loss of T-cell function, and immune dysregulation in severe patients.

Conclusions: Collectively, these findings provide a comprehensive view of the noncoding and coding transcriptional landscape of peripheral immune cells during COVID-19, furthering our understanding and offering novel insights into COVID-19 pathogenesis.

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