Cancer Stem Cells in Head and Neck Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma Express Cathepsins

Overview

Journal Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open

Specialty General Surgery

Date 2020 Sep 28

PMID 32983794

Citations 8

Authors

Therese Featherston

Helen D Brasch

Sam D Siljee

Bede van Schaijik

Josie Patel

Jennifer De Jongh

Reginald W Marsh

Tinte Itinteang

Swee T Tan

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Methods: Immunohistochemical staining was performed on MDHNcSCC tissue samples from 15 patients to determine the expression of cathepsins B, D, and G. Co-localization of these cathepsins with the embryonic stem cell markers Octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT4) and c-MYC was investigated with immunofluorescence staining. Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction was performed on 5 MDHNcSCC tissue samples to investigate transcript expression of cathepsins B, D and G. Western blotting and enzymatic activity assays were performed on 5 MDHNcSCC tissue samples and 6 MDHNcSCC-derived primary cell lines to confirm protein expression, transcript expression, and functional activity of these cathepsins, respectively.

Results: Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated the expression of cathepsins B, D, and G in all MDHNcSCC tissue samples. Immunofluorescence staining showed localization of cathepsins B and D to the c-MYC CSC subpopulations and the OCT4 CSC subpopulations within the tumor nests and the peritumoral stroma. Cathepsin G was expressed on the tryptase/c-MYC cells within the peritumoral stroma. Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction demonstrated transcript expression of cathepsins B, D and G in the MDHNcSCC tissue samples. Western blotting and enzymatic activity assays confirmed protein expression and functional activity of cathepsins B and D in the MDHNcSCC tissue samples and MDHNcSCC-derived primary cell lines, respectively.

Conclusions: Cathepsins B, D, and G are expressed in MDHNcSCC with functionally active cathepsins B and D localizing to the CSC subpopulations, and cathepsin G is expressed by mast cells, suggesting the potential use of cathepsin inhibitors in addition to RAS blockade to target CSCs in MDHNcSCC.

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