Temporal Dysbiosis of Infant Nasal Microbiota Relative to Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection

Overview

Journal J Infect Dis

Publisher Oxford University Press

Specialty Infectious Diseases

Date 2020 Sep 14

PMID 32926147

Citations 10

Authors

Alex Grier

Ann L Gill

Haeja A Kessler

Anthony Corbett

Sanjukta Bandyopadhyay

James Java

Jeanne Holden-Wiltse

Ann R Falsey

David J Topham

Thomas J Mariani

Mary T Caserta

Edward E Walsh

Steven R Gill

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of infant respiratory disease. Infant airway microbiota has been associated with respiratory disease risk and severity. The extent to which interactions between RSV and microbiota occur in the airway, and their impact on respiratory disease susceptibility and severity, are unknown.

Methods: We carried out 16S rRNA microbiota profiling of infants in the first year of life from (1) a cross-sectional cohort of 89 RSV-infected infants sampled during illness and 102 matched healthy controls, and (2) a matched longitudinal cohort of 12 infants who developed RSV infection and 12 who did not, sampled before, during, and after infection.

Results: We identified 12 taxa significantly associated with RSV infection. All 12 taxa were differentially abundant during infection, with 8 associated with disease severity. Nasal microbiota composition was more discriminative of healthy vs infected than of disease severity.

Conclusions: Our findings elucidate the chronology of nasal microbiota dysbiosis and suggest an altered developmental trajectory associated with RSV infection. Microbial temporal dynamics reveal indicators of disease risk, correlates of illness and severity, and impact of RSV infection on microbiota composition.

Citing Articles

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Nasal cathelicidin is expressed in early life and is increased during mild, but not severe respiratory syncytial virus infection.

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