The Utility of the Timed Up-and-Go Test in Predicting Cognitive Performance: A Cross-Sectional Study of Independent Living Adults in a Retirement Community

Overview

Journal J Appl Gerontol

Specialties Geriatrics
Infectious Diseases

Date 2020 Sep 14

PMID 32924758

Citations 6

Authors

Ryan Van Patten

Ellen E Lee

Sarah A Graham

Colin A Depp

Ho-Cheol Kim

Dilip V Jeste

Elizabeth W Twamley

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Physical, emotional, and cognitive changes are well documented in aging populations. We administered a comprehensive battery of mental and physical health measures and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA; a cognitive screening tool) to 93 independently living older adults (OAs) residing in a Continuing Care Senior Housing Community. Performance on the Timed Up-and-Go (TUG) test (a measure of functional mobility) correlated more strongly with the MoCA total score than did measures of aging, psychiatric symptoms, sleep, and both self-report and objective physical health. Furthermore, it was associated with MoCA Attention, Language, Memory, and Visuospatial/Executive subscales. The MoCA-TUG relationship remained significant after controlling for demographic and physical/mental health measures. Given that the TUG explained significantly more variance in broad cognitive performance than a comprehensive battery of additional physical and mental health tests, it may function as a multimodal measure of health in OAs, capturing physical changes and correlating with cognitive measures.

Citing Articles

Investigating Acoustic and Psycholinguistic Predictors of Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults: Modeling Study.

Badal V, Reinen J, Twamley E, Lee E, Fellows R, Bilal E JMIR Aging. 2024; 7:e54655.

PMID: 39283659 PMC: 11443203. DOI: 10.2196/54655.

Impaired muscle function, including its decline, is related to greater long-term late-life dementia risk in older women.

Radavelli-Bagatini S, Macpherson H, Scott D, Daly R, Hodgson J, Laws S J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2023; 14(3):1508-1519.

PMID: 37073873 PMC: 10235875. DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13227.

Executive and Motor Functions in Older Individuals with Cognitive Impairment.

Fastame M, Mulas I, Putzu V, Asoni G, Viale D, Mameli I Behav Sci (Basel). 2022; 12(7).

PMID: 35877284 PMC: 9311572. DOI: 10.3390/bs12070214.

Association between Agility, Health-Related Quality of Life, Depression, and Anthropometric Variables in Physically Active Older Adult Women with Depression.

Galan-Arroyo C, Pereira-Payo D, Hernandez-Mocholi M, Merellano-Navarro E, Perez-Gomez J, Rojo-Ramos J Healthcare (Basel). 2022; 10(1).

PMID: 35052264 PMC: 8775181. DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10010100.

Rates of Cognitive and Functional Impairments in Older Adults Residing in a Continuing Care Senior Housing Community.

Van Patten R, Mahmood Z, Nguyen T, Maye J, Kim H, Jeste D J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 2021; 28(1):62-73.

PMID: 33749570 PMC: 8455703. DOI: 10.1017/S1355617721000163.

References

Jeste D, Glorioso D, Lee E, Daly R, Graham S, Liu J . Study of Independent Living Residents of a Continuing Care Senior Housing Community: Sociodemographic and Clinical Associations of Cognitive, Physical, and Mental Health. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2019; 27(9):895-907. PMC: 7172111. DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2019.04.002. View

Podsiadlo D, Richardson S . The timed "Up & Go": a test of basic functional mobility for frail elderly persons. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1991; 39(2):142-8. DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1991.tb01616.x. View

Verghese J, Wang C, Lipton R, Holtzer R, Xue X . Quantitative gait dysfunction and risk of cognitive decline and dementia. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2007; 78(9):929-35. PMC: 1995159. DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.2006.106914. View

Viccaro L, Perera S, Studenski S . Is timed up and go better than gait speed in predicting health, function, and falls in older adults?. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2011; 59(5):887-92. PMC: 3522463. DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03336.x. View

Guralnik J, Simonsick E, Ferrucci L, Glynn R, Berkman L, Blazer D . A short physical performance battery assessing lower extremity function: association with self-reported disability and prediction of mortality and nursing home admission. J Gerontol. 1994; 49(2):M85-94. DOI: 10.1093/geronj/49.2.m85. View

Nasreddine Z, Phillips N, Bedirian V, Charbonneau S, Whitehead V, Collin I . The Montreal Cognitive Assessment, MoCA: a brief screening tool for mild cognitive impairment. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2005; 53(4):695-9. DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2005.53221.x. View

Davis D, Creavin S, Yip J, Noel-Storr A, Brayne C, Cullum S . Montreal Cognitive Assessment for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015; (10):CD010775. PMC: 6682492. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD010775.pub2. View

Depp C, Jeste D . Definitions and predictors of successful aging: a comprehensive review of larger quantitative studies. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2006; 14(1):6-20. DOI: 10.1097/01.JGP.0000192501.03069.bc. View

Broadbent D, Cooper P, Fitzgerald P, Parkes K . The Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (CFQ) and its correlates. Br J Clin Psychol. 1982; 21(1):1-16. DOI: 10.1111/j.2044-8260.1982.tb01421.x. View

10.

Jekel K, Damian M, Wattmo C, Hausner L, Bullock R, Connelly P . Mild cognitive impairment and deficits in instrumental activities of daily living: a systematic review. Alzheimers Res Ther. 2015; 7(1):17. PMC: 4374414. DOI: 10.1186/s13195-015-0099-0. View

11.

Cohen S, Kamarck T, Mermelstein R . A global measure of perceived stress. J Health Soc Behav. 1983; 24(4):385-96. View

12.

Mielke M, Roberts R, Savica R, Cha R, Drubach D, Christianson T . Assessing the temporal relationship between cognition and gait: slow gait predicts cognitive decline in the Mayo Clinic Study of Aging. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2012; 68(8):929-37. PMC: 3712358. DOI: 10.1093/gerona/gls256. View

13.

Donoghue O, Horgan N, Savva G, Cronin H, ORegan C, Kenny R . Association between timed up-and-go and memory, executive function, and processing speed. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2012; 60(9):1681-6. DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2012.04120.x. View

14.

Krueger K, Wilson R, Kamenetsky J, Barnes L, Bienias J, Bennett D . Social engagement and cognitive function in old age. Exp Aging Res. 2009; 35(1):45-60. PMC: 2758920. DOI: 10.1080/03610730802545028. View

15.

Moafmashhadi P, Koski L . Limitations for interpreting failure on individual subtests of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol. 2013; 26(1):19-28. DOI: 10.1177/0891988712473802. View

16.

Rowe J, Kahn R . Successful aging. Gerontologist. 1997; 37(4):433-40. DOI: 10.1093/geront/37.4.433. View

17.

Bischoff H, Stahelin H, Monsch A, Iversen M, Weyh A, von Dechend M . Identifying a cut-off point for normal mobility: a comparison of the timed 'up and go' test in community-dwelling and institutionalised elderly women. Age Ageing. 2003; 32(3):315-20. DOI: 10.1093/ageing/32.3.315. View

18.

Herman T, Giladi N, Hausdorff J . Properties of the 'timed up and go' test: more than meets the eye. Gerontology. 2010; 57(3):203-10. PMC: 3094679. DOI: 10.1159/000314963. View