A Single Large Dose of Vitamin D Could Be Used As a Means of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Prevention and Treatment

Overview

Journal Drug Des Devel Ther

Specialty Pharmacology

Date 2020 Sep 9

PMID 32904593

Citations 9

Authors

Guoqiang Liu

Tianpei Hong

Jin Yang

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

There is no specific and effective medication for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and avaccine is not available in recent months. Here, we hypothesize that a single large dose of vitamin D (Vit D) could be an option for trial in COVID-19. Vit D deficiency or insufficiency is very common in the general population as well as in patients with COVID-19. It has been shown that low Vit D level is associated with viral infection, and Vit D supplementation is beneficial for people infected with viruses, such as HIV and hepatitis C virus. Although COVID-19 is a respiratory disease, the morbidity and mortality of this disease are driven by coagulopathy. Clinical studies have shown that Vit D can exert anticoagulant effects. Vit D, a lipid-soluble vitamin, can be administered as a draught. Vit D supplementation is safe and has rare toxic events. In addition, the cost of Vit D is fairly low. Based on these observations, we speculate that a single dose of 300,000 IU Vit D may have a role in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19.

Citing Articles

Physiological Basis for Using Vitamin D to Improve Health.

Wimalawansa S Biomedicines. 2023; 11(6).

PMID: 37371637 PMC: 10295227. DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11061542.

Vitamin D-A prominent immunomodulator to prevent COVID-19 infection.

Ashique S, Gupta K, Gupta G, Mishra N, Singh S, Wadhwa S Int J Rheum Dis. 2022; 26(1):13-30.

PMID: 36308699 PMC: 9874620. DOI: 10.1111/1756-185X.14477.

Nutraceuticals in HIV and COVID-19-Related Neurological Complications: Opportunity to Use Extracellular Vesicles as Drug Delivery Modality.

Kodidela S, Godse S, Kumar A, Nguyen X, Cernasev A, Zhou L Biology (Basel). 2022; 11(2).

PMID: 35205044 PMC: 8869385. DOI: 10.3390/biology11020177.

Vitamin D and COVID-19: where are we now?.

Contreras-Bolivar V, Garcia-Fontana B, Garcia-Fontana C, Munoz-Torres M Postgrad Med. 2021; 135(3):195-207.

PMID: 34886758 PMC: 8787834. DOI: 10.1080/00325481.2021.2017647.

Impact of daily high dose oral vitamin D therapy on the inflammatory markers in patients with COVID 19 disease.

Lakkireddy M, Gadiga S, Malathi R, Karra M, Raju I, Ragini Sci Rep. 2021; 11(1):10641.

PMID: 34017029 PMC: 8138022. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90189-4.

References

Hejazi M, Modarresi-Ghazani F, Hamishehkar H, Mesgari-Abbasi M, Dousti S, Entezari-Maleki T . The Effect of Treatment of Vitamin D Deficiency on the Level of P-Selectin and hs-CRP in Patients With Thromboembolism: A Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial. J Clin Pharmacol. 2016; 57(1):40-47. DOI: 10.1002/jcph.774. View

Bergqvist C, Ezzedine K . Vitamin D and the skin: what should a dermatologist know?. G Ital Dermatol Venereol. 2019; 154(6):669-680. DOI: 10.23736/S0392-0488.19.06433-2. View

Ren B, Yan F, Deng Z, Zhang S, Xiao L, Wu M . Extremely High Incidence of Lower Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis in 48 Patients With Severe COVID-19 in Wuhan. Circulation. 2020; 142(2):181-183. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.047407. View

Tang N, Li D, Wang X, Sun Z . Abnormal coagulation parameters are associated with poor prognosis in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia. J Thromb Haemost. 2020; 18(4):844-847. PMC: 7166509. DOI: 10.1111/jth.14768. View

Murdaca G, Tonacci A, Negrini S, Greco M, Borro M, Puppo F . Emerging role of vitamin D in autoimmune diseases: An update on evidence and therapeutic implications. Autoimmun Rev. 2019; 18(9):102350. DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2019.102350. View

Bivona G, Gambino C, Iacolino G, Ciaccio M . Vitamin D and the nervous system. Neurol Res. 2019; 41(9):827-835. DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2019.1622872. View

Ezeamama A, Guwatudde D, Wang M, Bagenda D, Kyeyune R, Sudfeld C . Vitamin-D deficiency impairs CD4+T-cell count recovery rate in HIV-positive adults on highly active antiretroviral therapy: A longitudinal study. Clin Nutr. 2015; 35(5):1110-7. PMC: 5289410. DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2015.08.007. View

Eltayeb A, Abdou M, Abdel-Aal A, Othman M . Vitamin D status and viral response to therapy in hepatitis C infected children. World J Gastroenterol. 2015; 21(4):1284-91. PMC: 4306174. DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i4.1284. View

Sacerdote A, Dave P, Lokshin V, Bahtiyar G . Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin Resistance, and Vitamin D. Curr Diab Rep. 2019; 19(10):101. DOI: 10.1007/s11892-019-1201-y. View

10.

Piso R, Rothen M, Rothen J, Stahl M, Fux C . Per oral substitution with 300000 IU vitamin D (Cholecalciferol) reduces bone turnover markers in HIV-infected patients. BMC Infect Dis. 2013; 13:577. PMC: 4029316. DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-13-577. View

11.

Jafarzadeh A, Chauhan P, Saha B, Jafarzadeh S, Nemati M . Contribution of monocytes and macrophages to the local tissue inflammation and cytokine storm in COVID-19: Lessons from SARS and MERS, and potential therapeutic interventions. Life Sci. 2020; 257:118102. PMC: 7367812. DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118102. View

12.

Martineau A, Cates C, Urashima M, Jensen M, Griffiths A, Nurmatov U . Vitamin D for the management of asthma. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016; 9:CD011511. PMC: 6457769. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD011511.pub2. View

13.

Kebapcilar A, Kulaksizoglu M, Ipekci S, Korkmaz H, Kebapcilar L, Akyurek F . Relationship between mean platelet volume and low-grade systemic coagulation with vitamin D deficiency in primary ovarian insufficiency. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2013; 288(1):207-12. DOI: 10.1007/s00404-013-2735-x. View

14.

Tang N, Bai H, Chen X, Gong J, Li D, Sun Z . Anticoagulant treatment is associated with decreased mortality in severe coronavirus disease 2019 patients with coagulopathy. J Thromb Haemost. 2020; 18(5):1094-1099. PMC: 9906401. DOI: 10.1111/jth.14817. View

15.

Mohamed A, Sabry N, Abbassi M, Ibrahim W, Ali-Eldin Z . Vitamin D levels in Egyptian HCV patients (genotype 4) treated with pegylated interferon. Acta Gastroenterol Belg. 2013; 76(1):38-44. View

16.

Martineau A, Jolliffe D, Hooper R, Greenberg L, Aloia J, Bergman P . Vitamin D supplementation to prevent acute respiratory tract infections: systematic review and meta-analysis of individual participant data. BMJ. 2017; 356:i6583. PMC: 5310969. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.i6583. View

17.

Fogarty H, Townsend L, Ni Cheallaigh C, Bergin C, Martin-Loeches I, Browne P . COVID19 coagulopathy in Caucasian patients. Br J Haematol. 2020; 189(6):1044-1049. PMC: 7264579. DOI: 10.1111/bjh.16749. View

18.

Eckard A, ORiordan M, Rosebush J, Lee S, Habib J, Ruff J . Vitamin D supplementation decreases immune activation and exhaustion in HIV-1-infected youth. Antivir Ther. 2017; 23(4):315-324. PMC: 6070412. DOI: 10.3851/IMP3199. View

19.

Hathcock J, Shao A, Vieth R, Heaney R . Risk assessment for vitamin D. Am J Clin Nutr. 2007; 85(1):6-18. DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/85.1.6. View

20.

Greiller C, Martineau A . Modulation of the immune response to respiratory viruses by vitamin D. Nutrients. 2015; 7(6):4240-70. PMC: 4488782. DOI: 10.3390/nu7064240. View