Nonredundant Roles of GRASP55 and GRASP65 in the Golgi Apparatus and Beyond

Overview

Journal Trends Biochem Sci

Specialty Biochemistry

Date 2020 Sep 7

PMID 32893104

Citations 28

Authors

Xiaoyan Zhang

Yanzhuang Wang

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

It has been demonstrated that two Golgi stacking proteins, GRASP55 and GRASP65, self-interact to form trans-oligomers that tether adjacent Golgi membranes into stacks and ribbons in mammalian cells. This ensures proper functioning of the Golgi apparatus in protein trafficking and processing. More recently, GRASP proteins have drawn extensive attention from researchers due to their diverse and essential roles in and out of the Golgi in different organisms. In this review, we summarize their established roles in Golgi structure formation and function under physiological conditions. We then highlight the emerging and divergent roles for individual GRASP proteins, focusing on GRASP65 in cell migration and apoptosis and GRASP55 in unconventional protein secretion and autophagy under stress or pathological conditions.

Citing Articles

A biallelic variant in causes a novel Golgipathy with glycosylation and mitotic defects.

Lebon S, Bruneel A, Drunat S, Albert A, Csaba Z, Elmaleh M Life Sci Alliance. 2025; 8(4).

PMID: 39933924 PMC: 11814487. DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202403065.

Golgi-restored vesicular replenishment retards bone aging and empowers aging bone regeneration.

Liu P, Guo H, Huang X, Liu A, Zhu T, Zheng C Bone Res. 2025; 13(1):21.

PMID: 39922812 PMC: 11807224. DOI: 10.1038/s41413-024-00386-w.

GORASP2 promotes phagophore closure and autophagosome maturation into autolysosomes.

Xing Y, Huang L, Jian Y, Zhang Z, Zhao X, Zhang X Autophagy. 2024; 21(1):37-53.

PMID: 39056394 PMC: 11702948. DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2024.2375785.

Biogenesis of specialized lysosomes in differentiated keratinocytes relies on close apposition with the Golgi apparatus.

Mahanty S, Bergam P, Belapurkar V, Eluvathingal L, Gupta N, Goud B Cell Death Dis. 2024; 15(7):496.

PMID: 38992005 PMC: 11239851. DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06710-w.

The potential role of liquid-liquid phase separation in the cellular fate of the compartments for unconventional protein secretion.

Mendes L, Gimenes C, da Silva M, Rout S, Riek R, Costa-Filho A Protein Sci. 2024; 33(7):e5085.

PMID: 38923199 PMC: 11201811. DOI: 10.1002/pro.5085.

References

Tang D, Yuan H, Wang Y . The role of GRASP65 in Golgi cisternal stacking and cell cycle progression. Traffic. 2010; 11(6):827-42. PMC: 3278861. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0854.2010.01055.x. View

Zhang M, Liu L, Lin X, Wang Y, Li Y, Guo Q . A Translocation Pathway for Vesicle-Mediated Unconventional Protein Secretion. Cell. 2020; 181(3):637-652.e15. DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.03.031. View

Zhang X, Wang Y . The Golgi stacking protein GORASP2/GRASP55 serves as an energy sensor to promote autophagosome maturation under glucose starvation. Autophagy. 2018; 14(9):1649-1651. PMC: 6135573. DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2018.1491214. View

Makhoul C, Gosavi P, Gleeson P . Golgi Dynamics: The Morphology of the Mammalian Golgi Apparatus in Health and Disease. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2019; 7:112. PMC: 6616279. DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00112. View

Jarvela T, Linstedt A . Isoform-specific tethering links the Golgi ribbon to maintain compartmentalization. Mol Biol Cell. 2013; 25(1):133-44. PMC: 3873884. DOI: 10.1091/mbc.E13-07-0395. View

Kondylis V, Spoorendonk K, Rabouille C . dGRASP localization and function in the early exocytic pathway in Drosophila S2 cells. Mol Biol Cell. 2005; 16(9):4061-72. PMC: 1196319. DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e04-10-0938. View

Rabouille C . Pathways of Unconventional Protein Secretion. Trends Cell Biol. 2016; 27(3):230-240. DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2016.11.007. View

Kmetzsch L, Joffe L, Staats C, de Oliveira D, Fonseca F, Cordero R . Role for Golgi reassembly and stacking protein (GRASP) in polysaccharide secretion and fungal virulence. Mol Microbiol. 2011; 81(1):206-18. PMC: 3124575. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2011.07686.x. View

Huang S, Wang Y . Golgi structure formation, function, and post-translational modifications in mammalian cells. F1000Res. 2017; 6:2050. PMC: 5710388. DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.11900.1. View

10.

Manjithaya R, Anjard C, Loomis W, Subramani S . Unconventional secretion of Pichia pastoris Acb1 is dependent on GRASP protein, peroxisomal functions, and autophagosome formation. J Cell Biol. 2010; 188(4):537-46. PMC: 2828923. DOI: 10.1083/jcb.200911149. View

11.

Ladinsky M, Mastronarde D, McIntosh J, Howell K, Staehelin L . Golgi structure in three dimensions: functional insights from the normal rat kidney cell. J Cell Biol. 1999; 144(6):1135-49. PMC: 2150572. DOI: 10.1083/jcb.144.6.1135. View

12.

Manuel Duran J, Kinseth M, Bossard C, Rose D, Polishchuk R, Wu C . The role of GRASP55 in Golgi fragmentation and entry of cells into mitosis. Mol Biol Cell. 2008; 19(6):2579-87. PMC: 2397314. DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e07-10-0998. View

13.

Li J, Tang D, Ireland S, Wang Y . DjA1 maintains Golgi integrity via interaction with GRASP65. Mol Biol Cell. 2018; 30(4):478-490. PMC: 6594443. DOI: 10.1091/mbc.E18-10-0613. View

14.

Carvelli L, Bannoud N, Aguilera C, Morales C, Sosa M . Castration induces changes in the cation-dependent mannose-6-phosphate receptor in rat epididymis: possible implications in secretion of lysosomal enzymes. J Cell Biochem. 2010; 110(5):1101-10. DOI: 10.1002/jcb.22622. View

15.

Zhang X, Wang L, Ireland S, Ahat E, Li J, Bekier 2nd M . GORASP2/GRASP55 collaborates with the PtdIns3K UVRAG complex to facilitate autophagosome-lysosome fusion. Autophagy. 2019; 15(10):1787-1800. PMC: 6735621. DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2019.1596480. View

16.

Kim J, Kim H, Noh S, Jang D, Park S, Min D . Grasp55 mice display impaired fat absorption and resistance to high-fat diet-induced obesity. Nat Commun. 2020; 11(1):1418. PMC: 7078302. DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-14912-x. View

17.

Ahat E, Xiang Y, Zhang X, Bekier 2nd M, Wang Y . GRASP depletion-mediated Golgi destruction decreases cell adhesion and migration via the reduction of α5β1 integrin. Mol Biol Cell. 2019; 30(6):766-777. PMC: 6589770. DOI: 10.1091/mbc.E18-07-0462. View

18.

Ahat E, Li J, Wang Y . New Insights Into the Golgi Stacking Proteins. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2019; 7:131. PMC: 6660245. DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00131. View

19.

Slusarewicz P, Nilsson T, Hui N, Watson R, Warren G . Isolation of a matrix that binds medial Golgi enzymes. J Cell Biol. 1994; 124(4):405-13. PMC: 2119912. DOI: 10.1083/jcb.124.4.405. View

20.

Chiritoiu M, Brouwers N, Turacchio G, Pirozzi M, Malhotra V . GRASP55 and UPR Control Interleukin-1β Aggregation and Secretion. Dev Cell. 2019; 49(1):145-155.e4. DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2019.02.011. View