Nucleotides and AHCC Enhance Th1 Responses In Vitro in -Stimulated/Infected Murine Cells

Overview

Journal Molecules

Publisher MDPI

Specialty Biology

Date 2020 Sep 2

PMID 32867338

Citations 5

Authors

Maria Auxiliadora Dea-Ayuela

Sergi Segarra

Dolores R Serrano

Francisco Bolas-Fernandez

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

A stronger Th1 (cellular) immune response in canine leishmaniosis (CanL) leads to a better prognosis. Dietary nucleotides plus AHCC have shown beneficial effects in dogs with clinical leishmaniosis and in clinically healthy -infected dogs. The potential leishmanicidal activity of nucleotides and AHCC was assessed by quantifying nitric oxide (NO) production and replication of parasites. Their effects on lymphocyte proliferation were studied with and without soluble antigen (SLA) stimulation. Cytokine level variations were assessed using naïve and -infected macrophages/lymphocytes cocultures. Promastigotes and amastigotes proliferation and NO macrophage production were not directly affected. Lymphocyte proliferation was significantly enhanced by nucleotides, AHCC, and their combinations only after SLA stimulation. Nucleotides and AHCC significantly increased the production of IL-1β, IL-2, IL-5, IL-9, IL-10, and IL-12 by naïve immune cells. In naïve and -infected macrophage/lymphocyte cocultures, nucleotides with or without AHCC led to significant increases in IFN-γ and TNF-α. Given that these cytokines are involved in the effective Th1 immune response against parasites, these mechanism of action could explain the previously reported in vivo clinical efficacy of such combination and further support the use of nucleotides with or without AHCC in the management of CanL patients.

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