Gingipain R1 and Lipopolysaccharide From Have Major Effects on Blood Clot Morphology and Mechanics

Overview

Journal Front Immunol

Specialty Allergy & Immunology

Date 2020 Aug 15

PMID 32793214

Citations 7

Authors

J Massimo Nunes

Tristan Fillis

Martin J Page

Chantelle Venter

Ophelie Lancry

Douglas B Kell

Ursula Windberger

Etheresia Pretorius

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

and its inflammagens are associated with a number of systemic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes (T2DM). The proteases, gingipains, have also recently been identified in the brains of Alzheimer's disease patients and in the blood of Parkinson's disease patients. Bacterial inflammagens, including lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) and various proteases in circulation, may drive systemic inflammation. Here, we investigate the effects of the bacterial products LPS from and , and also the gingipain [recombinant gingipain R1 (RgpA)], on clot architecture and clot formation in whole blood and plasma from healthy individuals, as well as in purified fibrinogen models. Structural analysis of clots was performed using confocal microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and AFM-Raman imaging. We use thromboelastography® (TEG®) and rheometry to compare the static and dynamic mechanical properties of clots. We found that these inflammagens may interact with fibrin(ogen) and this interaction causes anomalous blood clotting. These techniques, in combination, provide insight into the effects of these bacterial products on cardiovascular health, and particularly clot structure and mechanics.

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