Epidemiologic, Humanistic and Economic Burden of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in the USA: a Systematic Literature Review

Overview

Journal Hepat Oncol

Date 2020 Aug 11

PMID 32774837

Citations 30

Authors

Abdalla Aly

Sarah Ronnebaum

Dipen Patel

Yunes Doleh

Fernando Benavente

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Aim: To describe the epidemiologic, humanistic and economic burdens of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the USA.

Materials & Methods: Studies describing the epidemiology and economic burden from national cohorts, any economic models, or any humanistic burden studies published 2008-2018 were systematically searched.

Results: HCC incidence was 9.5 per 100,000 person-years in most recent data, but was ∼100-times higher among patients with hepatitis/cirrhosis. Approximately a third of patients were diagnosed with advanced disease. Patients with HCC experienced poor quality of life. Direct costs were substantial and varied based on underlying demographics, disease stage and treatment received. Between 25-77% of patients did not receive surgical, locoregional or systemic treatment.

Conclusion: Better treatments are needed to extend survival and improve quality of life for patients with HCC.

Citing Articles

Exploring the efficacy of fluorouracil and platinum based chemotherapy in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma to bridge the treatment gap in resource limited settings.

Park S, Shin K, Kim I, Lee M, Hong T, Kim H Sci Rep. 2025; 15(1):3386.

PMID: 39870720 PMC: 11772854. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-86523-9.

Trends in Hospitalizations of Patients with Hepatitis C Virus in Poland between 2012 and 2022.

Genowska A, Zarebska-Michaluk D, Dobrowolska K, Kanecki K, Gorynski P, Tyszko P J Clin Med. 2024; 13(18).

PMID: 39337105 PMC: 11433470. DOI: 10.3390/jcm13185618.

Chronobiology of Cancers in the Liver and Gut.

Ferrell J Cancers (Basel). 2024; 16(17).

PMID: 39272783 PMC: 11394324. DOI: 10.3390/cancers16172925.

Classification and Regression Trees to Predict for Survival for Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated With Atezolizumab and Bevacizumab.

Brown T, Gimotty P, Mamtani R, Karasic T, Yang Y JCO Clin Cancer Inform. 2024; 8:e2300220.

PMID: 39088775 PMC: 11296500. DOI: 10.1200/CCI.23.00220.

Genetic Alchemy unveiled: MicroRNA-mediated gene therapy as the Artisan craft in the battlefront against hepatocellular carcinoma-a comprehensive chronicle of strategies and innovations.

Murshed A, Alnoud M, Ahmad S, Ullah Khan S, Alissa M, Alsuwat M Front Genet. 2024; 15:1356972.

PMID: 38915826 PMC: 11194743. DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1356972.

References

Siegel R, Miller K, Jemal A . Cancer statistics, 2019. CA Cancer J Clin. 2019; 69(1):7-34. DOI: 10.3322/caac.21551. View

Naugler W, Sonnenberg A . Survival and cost-effectiveness analysis of competing strategies in the management of small hepatocellular carcinoma. Liver Transpl. 2010; 16(10):1186-94. DOI: 10.1002/lt.22129. View

Kaplan D, Chapko M, Mehta R, Dai F, Skanderson M, Aytaman A . Healthcare Costs Related to Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Among Veterans With Cirrhosis in the United States. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2017; 16(1):106-114.e5. PMC: 5735018. DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2017.07.024. View

Mazzaferro V, Regalia E, Doci R, Andreola S, Pulvirenti A, Bozzetti F . Liver transplantation for the treatment of small hepatocellular carcinomas in patients with cirrhosis. N Engl J Med. 1996; 334(11):693-9. DOI: 10.1056/NEJM199603143341104. View

. EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines: Management of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatol. 2018; 69(1):182-236. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2018.03.019. View

Kobayashi M, Kudo M, Izumi N, Kaneko S, Azuma M, Copher R . Cost-effectiveness analysis of lenvatinib treatment for patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC) compared with sorafenib in Japan. J Gastroenterol. 2019; 54(6):558-570. PMC: 6536477. DOI: 10.1007/s00535-019-01554-0. View

Cai H, Zhang L, Li N, Zheng B, Liu M . Lenvatinib versus sorafenib for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: a cost-effectiveness analysis. J Comp Eff Res. 2020; 9(8):553-562. DOI: 10.2217/cer-2020-0041. View

El-Serag H, Kanwal F, Richardson P, Kramer J . Risk of hepatocellular carcinoma after sustained virological response in Veterans with hepatitis C virus infection. Hepatology. 2016; 64(1):130-7. PMC: 4917456. DOI: 10.1002/hep.28535. View

Ward E, Sherman R, Henley S, Jemal A, Siegel D, Feuer E . Annual Report to the Nation on the Status of Cancer, Featuring Cancer in Men and Women Age 20-49 Years. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2019; 111(12):1279-1297. PMC: 6910179. DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djz106. View

10.

Carr B, Pujol L . Pain at presentation and survival in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Pain. 2010; 11(10):988-93. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2010.01.265. View

11.

Shaya F, Breunig I, Seal B, Daniel Mullins C, Chirikov V, Hanna N . Comparative and cost effectiveness of treatment modalities for hepatocellular carcinoma in SEER-Medicare. Pharmacoeconomics. 2013; 32(1):63-74. DOI: 10.1007/s40273-013-0109-7. View

12.

Khalaf N, Ying J, Mittal S, Temple S, Kanwal F, Davila J . Natural History of Untreated Hepatocellular Carcinoma in a US Cohort and the Role of Cancer Surveillance. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2016; 15(2):273-281.e1. DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2016.07.033. View

13.

Fukui N, Golabi P, Otgonsuren M, Mishra A, Venkatesan C, Younossi Z . Demographics, Resource Utilization, and Outcomes of Elderly Patients With Chronic Liver Disease Receiving Hospice Care in the United States. Am J Gastroenterol. 2017; 112(11):1700-1708. DOI: 10.1038/ajg.2017.290. View

14.

Ha J, Yan M, Aguilar M, Bhuket T, Tana M, Liu B . Race/ethnicity-specific disparities in cancer incidence, burden of disease, and overall survival among patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in the United States. Cancer. 2016; 122(16):2512-23. DOI: 10.1002/cncr.30103. View

15.

Hyder O, Dodson R, Nathan H, Herman J, Cosgrove D, Kamel I . Referral patterns and treatment choices for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: a United States population-based study. J Am Coll Surg. 2013; 217(5):896-906. PMC: 4002209. DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2013.07.007. View

16.

Hansen L, Dieckmann N, Kolbeck K, Naugler W, Chang M . Symptom Distress in Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma Toward the End of Life. Oncol Nurs Forum. 2017; 44(6):665-673. DOI: 10.1188/17.ONF.665-673. View

17.

Persson E, Schwartz L, Park Y, Trabert B, Hollenbeck A, Graubard B . Alcohol consumption, folate intake, hepatocellular carcinoma, and liver disease mortality. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2013; 22(3):415-21. PMC: 3596467. DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-12-1169. View

18.

Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman D . Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. PLoS Med. 2009; 6(7):e1000097. PMC: 2707599. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1000097. View

19.

Li D, Ren Y, Fierer D, Rutledge S, Shaikh O, Lo Re 3rd V . The short-term incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma is not increased after hepatitis C treatment with direct-acting antivirals: An ERCHIVES study. Hepatology. 2017; 67(6):2244-2253. DOI: 10.1002/hep.29707. View

20.

Ha J, Yan M, Aguilar M, Tana M, Liu B, Frenette C . Race/Ethnicity-specific Disparities in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Stage at Diagnosis and its Impact on Receipt of Curative Therapies. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2015; 50(5):423-30. DOI: 10.1097/MCG.0000000000000448. View