Pre-Movement Cortico-Muscular Dynamics Underlying Improved Parkinson Gait Initiation After Instructed Arm Swing

Overview

Journal J Parkinsons Dis

Publisher Sage Publications

Specialty Neurology

Date 2020 Aug 11

PMID 32773398

Citations 5

Authors

Joyce B Weersink

Silvano R Gefferie

Teus van Laar

Natasha M Maurits

Bauke M de Jong

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: The supplementary motor area (SMA) is implicated in both motor initiation and stereotypic multi-limb movements such as walking with arm swing. Gait in Parkinson's disease exhibits starting difficulties and reduced arm swing, consistent with reduced SMA activity.

Objective: We tested whether enhanced arm swing could improve Parkinson gait initiation and assessed whether increased SMA activity during preparation might facilitate such improvement.

Methods: Effects of instructed arm swing on cortical activity, muscle activity and kinematics were assessed by ambulant EEG, EMG, accelerometers and video in 17 Parkinson patients and 19 controls. At baseline, all participants repeatedly started walking after a simple auditory cue. Next, patients started walking at this cue, which now meant starting with enhanced arm swing. EEG changes over the putative SMA and leg motor cortex were assessed by event related spectral perturbation (ERSP) analysis of recordings at Fz and Cz.

Results: Over the putative SMA location (Fz), natural PD gait initiation showed enhanced alpha/theta synchronization around the auditory cue, and reduced alpha/beta desynchronization during gait preparation and movement onset, compared to controls. Leg muscle activity in patients was reduced during preparation and movement onset, while the latter was delayed compared to controls. When starting with enhanced arm swing, these group differences virtually disappeared.

Conclusion: Instructed arm swing improves Parkinson gait initiation. ERSP normalization around the cue indicates that the attributed information may serve as a semi-internal cue, recruiting an internalized motor program to overcome initiation difficulties.

Citing Articles

Compensation Strategies for Gait Impairments in Parkinson's Disease: From Underlying Mechanisms to Daily Clinical Practice.

Tosserams A, Bloem B, Nonnekes J Mov Disord Clin Pract. 2023; 10(Suppl 2):S56-S62.

PMID: 37637990 PMC: 10448134. DOI: 10.1002/mdc3.13616.

Peter J, Ferraioli F, Mathew D, George S, Chan C, Alalade T Front Neurosci. 2022; 16:1045715.

PMID: 36507340 PMC: 9726921. DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1045715.

The Power of Musification: Sensor-Based Music Feedback Improves Arm Swing in Parkinson's Disease.

Mainka S, Schroll A, Warmerdam E, Gandor F, Maetzler W, Ebersbach G Mov Disord Clin Pract. 2021; 8(8):1240-1247.

PMID: 34761058 PMC: 8564817. DOI: 10.1002/mdc3.13352.

Amble Gait EEG Points at Complementary Cortical Networks Underlying Stereotypic Multi-Limb Co-ordination.

Weersink J, Maurits N, de Jong B Front Hum Neurosci. 2021; 15:691482.

PMID: 34413729 PMC: 8370810. DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.691482.

Intermuscular coherence analysis in older adults reveals that gait-related arm swing drives lower limb muscles via subcortical and cortical pathways.

Weersink J, de Jong B, Halliday D, Maurits N J Physiol. 2021; 599(8):2283-2298.

PMID: 33687081 PMC: 8252748. DOI: 10.1113/JP281094.

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