A Retrospective Cross-national Examination of COVID-19 Outbreak in 175 Countries: a Multiscale Geographically Weighted Regression Analysis (January 11-June 28, 2020)

Overview

Journal J Infect Public Health

Publisher Elsevier

Specialties Infectious Diseases
Public Health

Date 2020 Aug 11

PMID 32773211

Citations 27

Authors

Ayodeji Emmanuel Iyanda

Richard Adeleke

Yongmei Lu

Tolulope Osayomi

Adeleye Adaralegbe

Mayowa Lasode

Ngozi J Chima-Adaralegbe

Adedoyin M Osundina

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Objective: This study retrospectively examined the health and social determinants of the COVID-19 outbreak in 175 countries from a spatial epidemiological approach.

Methods: We used spatial analysis to examine the cross-national determinants of confirmed cases of COVID-19 based on the World Health Organization official COVID-19 data and the World Bank Indicators of Interest to the COVID-19 outbreak. All models controlled for COVID-19 government measures.

Results: The percentage of the population age between 15-64 years (Age15-64), percentage smokers (SmokTot.), and out-of-pocket expenditure (OOPExp) significantly explained global variation in the current COVID-19 outbreak in 175 countries. The percentage population age group 15-64 and out of pocket expenditure were positively associated with COVID-19. Conversely, the percentage of the total population who smoke was inversely associated with COVID-19 at the global level.

Conclusions: This study is timely and could serve as a potential geospatial guide to developing public health and epidemiological surveillance programs for the outbreak in multiple countries. Removal of catastrophic medical expenditure, smoking cessation, and observing public health guidelines will not only reduce illness related to COVID-19 but also prevent unecessary deaths.

Citing Articles

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A data-driven analysis on the mediation effect of compartment models between control measures and COVID-19 epidemics.

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The predisposition of smokers to COVID-19 infection: A mini-review of global perspectives.

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Compound impact of COVID-19, economy and climate on the spatial distribution of global agriculture and food security.

Yao P, Fan H, Wu Q, Ouyang J, Li K Sci Total Environ. 2023; 880:163105.

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