Description of Sp. Nov. and Sp. Nov. Isolated from Apple Cider Vinegar

Two novel strains AV382 and AV436 were isolated from a submerged industrial bioreactor for production of apple cider vinegar in Kopivnik (Slovenia). Both strains showed very high (≥98.2%) 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities with species, but lower 16S-23S rRNA gene internal transcribed spacer (ITS). The highest similarity of the 16S-23S rRNA gene ITS of AV382 was to LMG 26206 (91.6%), of AV436 to LMG 1515 (93.9%). The analysis of genome sequences confirmed that AV382 is the most closely related to (ANIb 88.2%) and AV436 to (ANIb 91.6%). Genome to genome distance calculations exhibit for both strains ≤47.3% similarity to all type strains of the genus . The strain AV382 can be differentiated from its closest relatives and by its ability to form 2-keto and 5-keto-D-gluconic acids from glucose, incapability to grow in the presence of 30% glucose, formation of C cyclo 8c fatty acid and tolerance of up to 5% acetic acid in the presence of ethanol. The strain AV436 can be differentiated from its closest relatives , and by its ability to form 5-keto-D-gluconic acid, growth on 1-propanol, efficient synthesis of cellulose, and tolerance to up to 5% acetic acid in the presence ethanol. The major fatty acid of both strains is C7c. Based on a combination of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic features, the strains AV382 and AV436 represent novel species of the genus , for which the names sp. nov. and are proposed, respectively. The type strain of is AV382 (= ZIM B1054 = LMG 31303 = CCM 8958) and of AV436 (= ZIM B1056 = LMG 31304 = CCM 8959).