Clinical and Immunological Features of Human -Infection, Novel Insights Honduras, Central America

Overview

Journal Pathogens

Date 2020 Jul 16

PMID 32664223

Citations 6

Authors

Wilfredo Sosa-Ochoa

Concepcion Zuniga

Luis Fernando Chaves

Gabriela Venicia Araujo Flores

Carmen Maria Sandoval Pacheco

Vania Lucia Ribeiro da Matta

Carlos Eduardo Pereira Corbett

Fernando Tobias Silveira

Marcia Dalastra Laurenti

Affiliations

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Abstract

is the etiological agent of both American visceral leishmaniasis (AVL) and non-ulcerated cutaneous leishmaniasis (NUCL) in Honduras. Although AVL is the most severe clinical form of infection, recent studies have shown that human immune response to parasite infection can result in a clinical-immunological spectrum. The overall prevalence rate of infection and clinical-immunological profiles of the infection in Amapala municipality, South Honduras was determined. We examined 576 individuals with diagnosis based on combined ELISA (IgG/IgM) and DTH assays. We also used genus-specific kDNA PCR and Hsp70 PCR-RFLP for NUCL cases. Clinical evaluation found 82% asymptomatic and 18% symptomatic individuals. All symptomatic cases (n = 104) showing NUCL were positive for parasites. We identified species in 100% of the skin lesion scrapings and in 90% of the blood samples from NUCL cases studied. A total of 320 asymptomatic individuals were exposed (ELISA+ and/or DTH+), providing an overall prevalence of 73.6%. Clinical, parasitological, and immunological evaluations suggest seven infection profiles, three asymptomatic and four symptomatic. This represents the first report on clinical and immunological features of human -infection in Amapala municipality, Honduras.

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