Risk Assessment and Source Apportionment of Soil Heavy Metals Under Different Land Use in a Typical Estuary Alluvial Island

Overview

Journal Int J Environ Res Public Health

Publisher MDPI

Specialties Environmental Health
Public Health

Date 2020 Jul 9

PMID 32635623

Citations 6

Authors

Ting Sun

Jingling Huang

Yuying Wu

Yuan Yuan

Yujing Xie

Zhengqiu Fan

Zhijian Zheng

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Understanding the environmental risks of soil heavy metals (HMs) and identifying their main sources are the essential prerequisites for the prevention and management of soil pollution. Based on a detailed survey of soil HMs (Cu, Cr, Ni, Zn, Pb, Cd, As and Hg) from different land use types (including agricultural land, construction land, wetland, and forest land) in an estuary alluvial island, the environmental risk and source apportionment of soil HMs were investigated. Altogether, 117 soil samples were taken in the study area to appraise the soil HMs environmental risk by using the geo-accumulation index (Igeo), potential ecological risk index (RI), and human health risk assessment (HRA) and to identify its main sources by using positive matrix factorization (PMF) model. The average concentrations of soil HMs (except As) surpassed their reference background values in China. There were no significant differenced in the mean concentrations of HMs in different land use types, except that the Hg concentration in the construction land was significantly higher than that in others. The results of Igeo showed that Cd pollution was unpolluted to moderately polluted, and that the others were unpolluted. The potential ecological risk level for Cd and Hg was "moderated potential risk", while for Cu, Cr, Ni, Zn, Pb and As was "low potential risk". Higher contamination was distributed at the west-central area. The results of the HRA indicated that the non-carcinogenic risk and the carcinogenic risk that human beings suffered from HMs in different land uses were insignificant. To more accurately identify the sources of soil HMs, the PMF model coupled with the GIS-spatial analysis was applied. The results showed that agricultural activities, natural source, industrial discharge and river transportation, and atmosphere deposition were the main determining factors for the accumulation of soil HMs in the study area, with the contribution rate of 24.25%, 23.79%, 23.84%, and 28.12%, respectively. The study provides an underlying insight needed to control of the soil HM pollutions for an estuary alluvial island.

Citing Articles

Assessment of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution and Health Risks in Different Functional Areas on the Northern Slope of the Eastern Tianshan Mountains in Xinjiang, NW China.

Asaiduli H, Abliz A, Abulizi A, Sun X, Ye P Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023; 20(6).

PMID: 36981751 PMC: 10049563. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20064843.

A Comprehensive Exploration on Occurrence, Distribution and Risk Assessment of Potentially Toxic Elements in the Multi-Media Environment from Zhengzhou, China.

Li J, Zuo Q, Hu H, Feng F, Jia H, Ji Y Toxics. 2023; 11(2).

PMID: 36851014 PMC: 9959330. DOI: 10.3390/toxics11020140.

Heavy Metals in Soil around a Typical Antimony Mine Area of China: Pollution Characteristics, Land Cover Influence and Source Identification.

Li X, Tang Y, Wang X, Song X, Yang J Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023; 20(3).

PMID: 36767544 PMC: 9915987. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032177.

Pollution Risk Assessment and Sources Analysis of Heavy Metal in Soil from Bamboo Shoots.

Wang Z, Chen Y, Wang S, Yu Y, Huang W, Xu Q Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022; 19(22).

PMID: 36429521 PMC: 9690268. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192214806.

Trends, Issues and Future Directions of Urban Health Impact Assessment Research: A Systematic Review and Bibliometric Analysis.

Luo W, Deng Z, Zhong S, Deng M Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022; 19(10).

PMID: 35627492 PMC: 9141375. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19105957.

References

Wang S, Cai L, Wen H, Luo J, Wang Q, Liu X . Spatial distribution and source apportionment of heavy metals in soil from a typical county-level city of Guangdong Province, China. Sci Total Environ. 2018; 655:92-101. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.244. View

Sun X, Fan D, Liu M, Tian Y, Pang Y, Liao H . Source identification, geochemical normalization and influence factors of heavy metals in Yangtze River Estuary sediment. Environ Pollut. 2018; 241:938-949. DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.05.050. View

Ali M, Liu G, Yousaf B, Abbas Q, Ullah H, Munir M . Pollution characteristics and human health risks of potentially (eco)toxic elements (PTEs) in road dust from metropolitan area of Hefei, China. Chemosphere. 2017; 181:111-121. DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.04.061. View

Luo X, Xue Y, Wang Y, Cang L, Xu B, Ding J . Source identification and apportionment of heavy metals in urban soil profiles. Chemosphere. 2015; 127:152-7. DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.01.048. View

Tian S, Liang T, Li K, Wang L . Source and path identification of metals pollution in a mining area by PMF and rare earth element patterns in road dust. Sci Total Environ. 2018; 633:958-966. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.227. View

Shi D, Lu X . Accumulation degree and source apportionment of trace metals in smaller than 63 μm road dust from the areas with different land uses: A case study of Xi'an, China. Sci Total Environ. 2018; 636:1211-1218. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.385. View

Liu S, Tan B, Dai C, Lou S, Tao A, Zhong G . Geochemical characterization and heavy metal migration in a coastal polluted aquifer incorporating tidal effects: field investigation in Chongming Island, China. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2015; 22(24):20101-13. DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5010-9. View

Guan Q, Wang F, Xu C, Pan N, Lin J, Zhao R . Source apportionment of heavy metals in agricultural soil based on PMF: A case study in Hexi Corridor, northwest China. Chemosphere. 2017; 193:189-197. DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.10.151. View

Huang J, Guo S, Zeng G, Li F, Gu Y, Shi Y . A new exploration of health risk assessment quantification from sources of soil heavy metals under different land use. Environ Pollut. 2018; 243(Pt A):49-58. DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.08.038. View

10.

Chen H, Teng Y, Lu S, Wang Y, Wang J . Contamination features and health risk of soil heavy metals in China. Sci Total Environ. 2015; 512-513:143-153. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.01.025. View

11.

Lin Y, Vogt R, Larssen T . Environmental mercury in China: a review. Environ Toxicol Chem. 2012; 31(11):2431-44. DOI: 10.1002/etc.1980. View

12.

Yang Y, Christakos G, Guo M, Xiao L, Huang W . Space-time quantitative source apportionment of soil heavy metal concentration increments. Environ Pollut. 2017; 223:560-566. DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.01.058. View

13.

Yan A, Wang Y, Tan S, Yusof M, Ghosh S, Chen Z . Phytoremediation: A Promising Approach for Revegetation of Heavy Metal-Polluted Land. Front Plant Sci. 2020; 11:359. PMC: 7203417. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00359. View

14.

Liang J, Feng C, Zeng G, Gao X, Zhong M, Li X . Spatial distribution and source identification of heavy metals in surface soils in a typical coal mine city, Lianyuan, China. Environ Pollut. 2017; 225:681-690. DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.03.057. View

15.

Men C, Liu R, Wang Q, Guo L, Miao Y, Shen Z . Uncertainty analysis in source apportionment of heavy metals in road dust based on positive matrix factorization model and geographic information system. Sci Total Environ. 2018; 652:27-39. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.10.212. View

16.

Liu S, Pan G, Zhang Y, Xu J, Ma R, Shen Z . Risk assessment of soil heavy metals associated with land use variations in the riparian zones of a typical urban river gradient. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2019; 181:435-444. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.04.060. View

17.

Lin Y, Ma J, Zhang Z, Zhu Y, Hou H, Zhao L . Linkage between human population and trace elements in soils of the Pearl River Delta: Implications for source identification and risk assessment. Sci Total Environ. 2017; 610-611:944-950. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.147. View

18.

Cai L, Wang Q, Wen H, Luo J, Wang S . Heavy metals in agricultural soils from a typical township in Guangdong Province, China: Occurrences and spatial distribution. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2018; 168:184-191. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.10.092. View

19.

Chen H, Teng Y, Lu S, Wang Y, Wu J, Wang J . Source apportionment and health risk assessment of trace metals in surface soils of Beijing metropolitan, China. Chemosphere. 2015; 144:1002-11. DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.09.081. View

20.

Ye C, Li S, Zhang Y, Zhang Q . Assessing soil heavy metal pollution in the water-level-fluctuation zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir, China. J Hazard Mater. 2011; 191(1-3):366-72. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.04.090. View