Nationwide Monitoring for Plasmodium Falciparum Drug-Resistance Alleles to Chloroquine, Sulfadoxine, and Pyrimethamine, Haiti, 2016-2017

Overview

Journal Emerg Infect Dis

Specialty Infectious Diseases

Date 2020 Apr 21

PMID 32310062

Citations 8

Authors

Eric Rogier

Camelia Herman

Curtis S Huber

Karen E S Hamre

Baby Pierre

Kimberly E Mace

Jacquelin Presume

Gina Mondelus

Ithamare Romilus

Tamara Elisme

Thomas P Eisele

Thomas Druetz

Alexandre Existe

Jacques Boncy

Jean F Lemoine

Venkatachalam Udhayakumar

Michelle A Chang

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Haiti is striving for zero local malaria transmission by the year 2025. Chloroquine remains the first-line treatment, and sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine (SP) has been used for mass drug-administration pilot programs. In March 2016, nationwide molecular surveillance was initiated to assess molecular resistance signatures for chloroquine and SP. For 778 samples collected through December 2017, we used Sanger sequencing to investigate putative resistance markers to chloroquine (Pfcrt codons 72, 74, 75, and 76), sulfadoxine (Pfdhps codons 436, 437, 540, 581, 613), and pyrimethamine (Pfdhfr codons 50, 51, 59, 108, 164). No parasites harbored Pfcrt point mutations. Prevalence of the Pfdhfr S108N single mutation was 47%, and we found the triple mutant Pfdhfr haplotype (108N, 51I, and 59R) in a single isolate. We observed no Pfdhps variants except in 1 isolate (A437G mutation). These data confirm the lack of highly resistant chloroquine and SP alleles in Haiti and support the continued use of chloroquine and SP.

Citing Articles

Migrants in transit across Central America and the potential spread of chloroquine resistant malaria-a call for action.

Higuita N, Franco-Paredes C, Henao-Martinez A, Mendez Rojas B, Suarez J, Naranjo L Lancet Reg Health Am. 2023; 22:100505.

PMID: 37214770 PMC: 10193226. DOI: 10.1016/j.lana.2023.100505.

Acceptability, Feasibility, Drug Safety, and Effectiveness of a Pilot Mass Drug Administration with a Single Round of Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine Plus Primaquine and Indoor Residual Spraying in Communities with Malaria Transmission in Haiti, 2018.

Chang M, Impoinvil D, Hamre K, Dalexis P, Merilien J, Dismer A Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2023; 108(6):1127-1139.

PMID: 37160282 PMC: 10540127. DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.22-0623.

Population Genomic Evidence of Adaptive Response during the Invasion History of Plasmodium falciparum in the Americas.

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Evaluation of a parasite-density based pooled targeted amplicon deep sequencing (TADS) method for molecular surveillance of Plasmodium falciparum drug resistance genes in Haiti.

Louha S, Herman C, Gupta M, Patel D, Kelley J, Oh J PLoS One. 2022; 17(1):e0262616.

PMID: 35030215 PMC: 8759662. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262616.

Investigations of socioeconomic factors associated with follow-up compliance with malaria treatment in Haiti.

Carter T, Existe A, Beau de Rochars M, Okech B Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2021; 45:e150.

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