Neuroprotection from Excitotoxic Injury by Local Administration of Lipid Emulsion into the Brain of Rats

Overview

Journal Int J Mol Sci

Publisher MDPI

Specialties Biochemistry
Chemistry
Molecular Biology

Date 2020 Apr 17

PMID 32295117

Citations 3

Authors

Motomasa Tanioka

Wyun Kon Park

Insop Shim

Kyeongmin Kim

Songyeon Choi

Un Jeng Kim

Kyung Hee Lee

Seong-Karp Hong

Bae Hwan Lee

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Lipid emulsion was recently shown to attenuate cell death caused by excitotoxic conditions in the heart. There are key similarities between neurons and cardiomyocytes, such as excitability and conductibility, which yield vulnerability to excitotoxic conditions. However, systematic investigations on the protective effects of lipid emulsion in the central nervous system are still lacking. This study aimed to determine the neuroprotective effects of lipid emulsion in an in vivo rat model of kainic acid-induced excitotoxicity through intrahippocampal microinjections. Kainic acid and/or lipid emulsion-injected rats were subjected to the passive avoidance test and elevated plus maze for behavioral assessment. Rats were sacrificed at 24 h and 72 h after kainic acid injections for molecular study, including immunoblotting and qPCR. Brains were also cryosectioned for morphological analysis through cresyl violet staining and Fluorojade-C staining. Anxiety and memory functions were significantly preserved in 1% lipid emulsion-treated rats. Lipid emulsion was dose-dependent on the protein expression of β-catenin and the phosphorylation of GSK3-β and Akt. Wnt1 mRNA expression was elevated in lipid emulsion-treated rats compared to the vehicle. Neurodegeneration was significantly reduced mainly in the CA1 region with increased cell survival. Our results suggest that lipid emulsion has neuroprotective effects against excitotoxic conditions in the brain and may provide new insight into its potential therapeutic utility.

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