Percutaneous Stenting of Left Hepatic Vein Followed by Ex Vivo Liver Resection and Autotransplantation in a Patient with Hepatic Alveolar Echinococcosis with Budd-Chiari Syndrome

Background And Aims: Infiltration of hepatic venous outflow in hepatic alveolar echinococcosis can lead to development of Budd-Chiari syndrome. Medical treatment of this condition is generally unsatisfactory. Radical hepatic resection is impossible for extensive parasitic involvement of liver. This is a case report on a patient who was successfully treated with percutaneous stenting of left hepatic vein followed by Ex vivo Liver Resection and Autotransplantation (ELRA).

Methods: Using the transjugular approach, a metal mesh stent was placed in the left hepatic vein of a 45-year-old man who presented with Budd-Chiari syndrome. After disappearance of ascites and improvement in liver function, Ex vivo Liver Resection and Autotransplantation were performed.

Results: The patient underwent left hepatic vein stenting for Budd-Chiari syndrome without complication. Three months later, liver biopsy showed fibrous proliferation of interlobular portal areas and normal hepatic lobules. After successful Ex vivo Liver Resection and Autotransplantation, follow-up examination at 6 months showed normal liver function and no evidence of recurrence.

Conclusions: Allotransplantation is an accepted treatment for advanced hepatic alveolar echinococcosis with Budd-Chiari syndrome. However, shortage of organ donors and need for immunosuppression are challenging problems. In selected patients with hepatic vein stenoses presenting as Budd-Chiari syndreme, percutaneous stenting of hepatic veins followed by ex vivo liver resection and autotransplantation represent an alternative curative treatment option.