» Articles » PMID: 32121211

Exercise Training-Induced PPARβ Increases PGC-1α Protein Stability and Improves Insulin-Induced Glucose Uptake in Rodent Muscles

Overview
Journal Nutrients
Date 2020 Mar 4
PMID 32121211
Citations 10
Authors
Affiliations
Soon will be listed here.
Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the long-term effects of training intervention and resting on protein expression and stability of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor β/δ (PPARβ), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-α (PGC1α), glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4), and mitochondrial proteins, and determine whether glucose homeostasis can be regulated through stable expression of these proteins after training. Rats swam daily for 3, 6, 9, 14, or 28 days, and then allowed to rest for 5 days post-training. Protein and mRNA levels were measured in the skeletal muscles of these rats. PPARβ was overexpressed and knocked down in myotubes in the skeletal muscle to investigate the effects of swimming training on various signaling cascades of PGC-1α transcription, insulin signaling, and glucose uptake. Exercise training (Ext) upregulated PPARβ, PGC-1α, GLUT4, and mitochondrial enzymes, including NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (NUO), cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COX1), citrate synthase (CS), and cytochrome c (Cyto C) in a time-dependent manner and promoted the protein stability of PPARβ, PGC-1α, GLUT4, NUO, CS, and Cyto C, such that they were significantly upregulated 5 days after training cessation. PPARβ overexpression increased the PGC-1α protein levels post-translation and improved insulin-induced signaling responsiveness and glucose uptake. The present results indicate that Ext promotes the protein stability of key mitochondria enzymes GLUT4, PGC-1α, and PPARβ even after Ext cessation.

Citing Articles

The effect of 12 weeks of aerobic exercise training with or without saffron supplementation on diabetes-specific markers and inflammation in women with type 2 diabetes: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial.

Rajabi A, Akbar Nezhad Gharehlo A, Madadizadeh E, Basereh A, Khoramipoor K, Pirani H Eur J Sport Sci. 2024; 24(7):899-906.

PMID: 38874882 PMC: 11235750. DOI: 10.1002/ejsc.12125.


NAD-A Hub of Energy Metabolism in Heart Failure.

Wu Y, Pei Z, Qu P Int J Med Sci. 2024; 21(2):369-375.

PMID: 38169534 PMC: 10758143. DOI: 10.7150/ijms.89370.


Effect of 8 Weeks Aerobic Training and Saffron Supplementation on Inflammation and Metabolism in Middle-Aged Obese Women with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Rajabi A, Khajehlandi M, Siahkuhian M, Akbarnejad A, Khoramipour K, Suzuki K Sports (Basel). 2022; 10(11).

PMID: 36355818 PMC: 9697862. DOI: 10.3390/sports10110167.


Enhancement of anaerobic glycolysis - a role of PGC-1α4 in resistance exercise.

Koh J, Pataky M, Dasari S, Klaus K, Vuckovic I, Ruegsegger G Nat Commun. 2022; 13(1):2324.

PMID: 35484130 PMC: 9050893. DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30056-6.


Beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate associated with low-intensity exercise training improves skeletal muscle regeneration through the IGF-Akt pathway.

Yamada A, Ferretti R, Matsumura C, Antunes L, Silva C, Pertille A Braz J Med Biol Res. 2022; 55:e11597.

PMID: 35019034 PMC: 8851911. DOI: 10.1590/1414-431X2021e11597.


References
1.
Baar K, Wende A, Jones T, Marison M, Nolte L, Chen M . Adaptations of skeletal muscle to exercise: rapid increase in the transcriptional coactivator PGC-1. FASEB J. 2002; 16(14):1879-86. DOI: 10.1096/fj.02-0367com. View

2.
Rodnick K, Henriksen E, James D, Holloszy J . Exercise training, glucose transporters, and glucose transport in rat skeletal muscles. Am J Physiol. 1992; 262(1 Pt 1):C9-14. DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.1992.262.1.C9. View

3.
Higashida K, Kim S, Higuchi M, Holloszy J, Han D . Normal adaptations to exercise despite protection against oxidative stress. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2011; 301(5):E779-84. PMC: 3214004. DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00655.2010. View

4.
Koh J, Hancock C, Han D, Holloszy J, Nair K, Dasari S . AMPK and PPARβ positive feedback loop regulates endurance exercise training-mediated GLUT4 expression in skeletal muscle. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2019; 316(5):E931-E939. PMC: 6580175. DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00460.2018. View

5.
Bradley H, Shaw C, Worthington P, Shepherd S, Cocks M, Wagenmakers A . Quantitative immunofluorescence microscopy of subcellular GLUT4 distribution in human skeletal muscle: effects of endurance and sprint interval training. Physiol Rep. 2014; 2(7). PMC: 4187550. DOI: 10.14814/phy2.12085. View