Extracellular Vesicles, A Possible Theranostic Platform Strategy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma-An Overview

Overview

Journal Cancers (Basel)

Publisher MDPI

Specialty Oncology

Date 2020 Jan 25

PMID 31973229

Citations 11

Authors

Igea DAgnano

Anna Concetta Berardi

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common cancer and the third highest cause of mortality from cancer, largely because of delays in diagnosis. There is currently no effective therapy for advanced stage HCC, although sorafenib, the standard treatment for HCC, systemic therapy (including tyrosine kinase inhibitors and anti-angiogenesis agents), and more recently, immunotherapy, have demonstrated some survival benefit. The measurement and modification of extracellular vesicle (EVs) cargoes-composed of nucleic acids, including miRNAs, proteins, and lipids-holds great promise for future HCC diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. This review will provide an overview of the most recent findings regarding EVs in HCC, and the possible future use of EVs as "liquid biopsy"-based biomarkers for early diagnosis and as a vehicle for targeted drug-delivery.

Citing Articles

Extracellular vesicles in hepatocellular carcinoma: unraveling immunological mechanisms for enhanced diagnosis and overcoming drug resistance.

Su L, Yue Y, Yan Y, Sun J, Meng L, Lu J Front Immunol. 2024; 15:1485628.

PMID: 39530097 PMC: 11550962. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1485628.

Revisiting the role of mesenchymal stromal cells in cancer initiation, metastasis and immunosuppression.

Zhang Y, Wang C, Li J Exp Hematol Oncol. 2024; 13(1):64.

PMID: 38951845 PMC: 11218091. DOI: 10.1186/s40164-024-00532-4.

Extracellular vesicles as potential biomarkers for diagnosis and recurrence detection of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Juratli M, Pollmann N, Oppermann E, Mohr A, Roy D, Schnitzbauer A Sci Rep. 2024; 14(1):5322.

PMID: 38438456 PMC: 10912302. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55888-8.

Non-Invasive Biomarkers for Immunotherapy in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives.

Pallozzi M, Di Tommaso N, Maccauro V, Santopaolo F, Gasbarrini A, Ponziani F Cancers (Basel). 2022; 14(19).

PMID: 36230554 PMC: 9559710. DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194631.

Encouraging specific biomarkers-based therapeutic strategies for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Yao M, Yang J, Wang D, Wang L, Chen Y, Yao D World J Clin Cases. 2022; 10(11):3321-3333.

PMID: 35611205 PMC: 9048543. DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i11.3321.

References

Meldolesi J . Exosomes and Ectosomes in Intercellular Communication. Curr Biol. 2018; 28(8):R435-R444. DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2018.01.059. View

Fu X, Liu M, Qu S, Ma J, Zhang Y, Shi T . Exosomal microRNA-32-5p induces multidrug resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma via the PI3K/Akt pathway. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2018; 37(1):52. PMC: 5846230. DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-0677-7. View

Li Y, Zhao J, Yu S, Wang Z, He X, Su Y . Extracellular Vesicles Long RNA Sequencing Reveals Abundant mRNA, circRNA, and lncRNA in Human Blood as Potential Biomarkers for Cancer Diagnosis. Clin Chem. 2019; 65(6):798-808. DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2018.301291. View

Tang J, Li Y, Liu K, Zhu Q, Yang W, Xiong L . Exosomal miR-9-3p suppresses HBGF-5 expression and is a functional biomarker in hepatocellular carcinoma. Minerva Med. 2017; 109(1):15-23. DOI: 10.23736/S0026-4806.17.05167-9. View

Kosgodage U, Mould R, Henley A, Nunn A, Guy G, Thomas E . Cannabidiol (CBD) Is a Novel Inhibitor for Exosome and Microvesicle (EMV) Release in Cancer. Front Pharmacol. 2018; 9:889. PMC: 6099119. DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00889. View

Wei H, Yang Z, Lin B . Overexpression of long non coding RNA CA3-AS1 suppresses proliferation, invasion and promotes apoptosis via miRNA-93/PTEN axis in colorectal cancer. Gene. 2018; 687:9-15. DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.11.008. View

Ma J, Cai W, Zhang Y, Huang C, Zhang H, Liu J . Innate immune cell-derived microparticles facilitate hepatocarcinoma metastasis by transferring integrin α(M)β₂ to tumor cells. J Immunol. 2013; 191(6):3453-61. DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1300171. View

Vasconcelos M, Caires H, Abols A, Xavier C, Line A . Extracellular vesicles as a novel source of biomarkers in liquid biopsies for monitoring cancer progression and drug resistance. Drug Resist Updat. 2019; 47:100647. DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2019.100647. View

Chen L, Guo P, He Y, Chen Z, Chen L, Luo Y . HCC-derived exosomes elicit HCC progression and recurrence by epithelial-mesenchymal transition through MAPK/ERK signalling pathway. Cell Death Dis. 2018; 9(5):513. PMC: 5938707. DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0534-9. View

10.

Bteich F, Di Bisceglie A . Current and Future Systemic Therapies for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Gastroenterol Hepatol (N Y). 2019; 15(5):266-272. PMC: 6589844. View

11.

Lindoso R, Collino F, Vieyra A . Extracellular vesicles as regulators of tumor fate: crosstalk among cancer stem cells, tumor cells and mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cell Investig. 2017; 4:75. PMC: 5639036. DOI: 10.21037/sci.2017.08.08. View

12.

Howlett A, Bissell M . The influence of tissue microenvironment (stroma and extracellular matrix) on the development and function of mammary epithelium. Epithelial Cell Biol. 1993; 2(2):79-89. View

13.

Xu L, He M, Dai Z, Yu J, Wang J, Li X . Genomic and transcriptional heterogeneity of multifocal hepatocellular carcinoma. Ann Oncol. 2019; 30(6):990-997. PMC: 6594462. DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz103. View

14.

Jun L, Yang G, Zhisu L . The utility of serum exosomal microRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma. Biomed Pharmacother. 2019; 111:1221-1227. DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.12.131. View

15.

Bec N, Bonhoure A, Henry L, Berry L, Larroque C, Coux O . Proteasome 19S RP and translation preinitiation complexes are secreted within exosomes upon serum starvation. Traffic. 2019; 20(7):516-536. DOI: 10.1111/tra.12653. View

16.

Palmirotta R, Lovero D, Cafforio P, Felici C, Mannavola F, Pelle E . Liquid biopsy of cancer: a multimodal diagnostic tool in clinical oncology. Ther Adv Med Oncol. 2018; 10:1758835918794630. PMC: 6116068. DOI: 10.1177/1758835918794630. View

17.

Collett G, Redman C, Sargent I, Vatish M . Endoplasmic reticulum stress stimulates the release of extracellular vesicles carrying danger-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) molecules. Oncotarget. 2018; 9(6):6707-6717. PMC: 5805507. DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24158. View

18.

Hosoi T, Nakashima M, Ozawa K . Incorporation of the Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Induced Spliced Form of XBP1 mRNA in the Exosomes. Front Physiol. 2018; 9:1357. PMC: 6168632. DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01357. View

19.

Yukawa H, Suzuki K, Aoki K, Arimoto T, Yasui T, Kaji N . Imaging of angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells by uptake of exosomes secreted from hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Sci Rep. 2018; 8(1):6765. PMC: 5928189. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24563-0. View

20.

Pomatto M, Bussolati B, DAntico S, Ghiotto S, Tetta C, Brizzi M . Improved Loading of Plasma-Derived Extracellular Vesicles to Encapsulate Antitumor miRNAs. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev. 2019; 13:133-144. PMC: 6370572. DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2019.01.001. View