Metabolic Endotoxemia Promotes Neuroinflammation After Focal Cerebral Ischemia

Overview

Journal J Cereb Blood Flow Metab

Publisher Sage Publications

Specialties Cardiology & Vascular Diseases
Endocrinology
Neurology

Date 2020 Jan 9

PMID 31910709

Citations 52

Authors

Naohide Kurita

Kazuo Yamashiro

Takuma Kuroki

Ryota Tanaka

Takao Urabe

Yuji Ueno

Nobukazu Miyamoto

Masashi Takanashi

Hideki Shimura

Toshiki Inaba

Yuichiro Yamashiro

Koji Nomoto

Satoshi Matsumoto

Takuya Takahashi

Hirokazu Tsuji

Takashi Asahara

Nobutaka Hattori

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a major component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and a potent inflammatory stimulus for the innate immune response via toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 activation. Type 2 diabetes is associated with changes in gut microbiota and impaired intestinal barrier functions, leading to translocation of microbiota-derived LPS into the circulatory system, a condition referred to as metabolic endotoxemia. We investigated the effects of metabolic endotoxemia after experimental stroke with transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in a murine model of type 2 diabetes () and phenotypically normal littermates (). Compared to mice, mice exhibited an altered gut microbial composition, increased intestinal permeability, and higher plasma LPS levels. In addition, mice presented increased infarct volumes and higher expression levels of LPS, TLR4, and inflammatory cytokines in the ischemic brain, as well as more severe neurological impairments and reduced survival rates after MCAO. Oral administration of a non-absorbable antibiotic modulated the gut microbiota and improved metabolic endotoxemia and stroke outcomes in mice; these effects were associated with reduction of LPS levels and neuroinflammation in the ischemic brain. These data suggest that targeting metabolic endotoxemia may be a novel potential therapeutic strategy to improve stroke outcomes.

Citing Articles

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