Spontaneous Lumbar Artery Rupture in a Kidney Transplant Patient: A Case Report

We experienced a case of retroperitoneal hematoma secondary to spontaneous lumbar artery rupture in a kidney transplant patient. A 48-year-old woman underwent kidney transplantation for end-stage renal disease. Fifteen days after transplantation, the patient presented with strong abdominal and back pain on the right side, and blood examination showed severe anemia. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography and emergent angiography was performed, which showed extravasation from the lumbar artery. Selective angiographic embolization of the lumbar artery was performed, and the patient received a transfusion of red blood cells, following which, hemoglobin increased to 7.6 g/dl. Renal function then stabilized, and anemia improved.