Effect of Meteorological Factors on Species Composition and Their Host Preference, Seasonal Prevalence and Infection Status to Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever in Iran
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Background: The impact of environmental factors and host on spp. community structure and abundance in the main Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) foci of Iran is largely unknown.
Methods: Biotic and abiotic factors, including host, temperature, humidity, altitude, Köppen-Geiger climate types, season, and precipitation on spp. community structure and abundances in 11 provinces of Iran were investigated. Additionally, the possible infection of ticks with CCHF virus was evaluated using reverse transcription PCR technique.
Results: Species analyses demonstrated the presence of , , , , and in the study area. was the dominant species in the southern and northern parts, whereas was distributed mostly in central parts of the country. The highest tick infestation was recognized in hot season. Spatial variation in tick relative density was observed between habitat types where more ticks were collected in deserts, semi-deserts, and Mediterranean habitats. Except for , which was more prevalent on camel (P= 0.044), there were no significant variations in the frequencies of other species on different hosts. , frequencies had significant positive and negative association with temperature and precipitation respectively. Also humidity has positive impact on frequency.
Conclusion: Data presented here will help improve ecological models to forecast the distribution of spp. ticks, to evaluate the risk of CCHF and other tick-borne diseases, and to design proper vector control measures to suppress populations in Iran.
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