How Can Systematic Reviews Teach Us More About the Implementation of the 3Rs and Animal Welfare?

Overview

Journal Animals (Basel)

Date 2019 Dec 22

PMID 31861205

Citations 10

Authors

Merel Ritskes-Hoitinga

Judith Van Luijk

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

This paper describes the introduction of the systematic review methodology in animal-based research and the added value of this methodology in relation to the 3Rs and beyond. The 3Rs refer to Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement of animal studies. A systematic review (SR) is defined as a literature review focused on a single question that tries to identify, appraise, select, and synthesise all high-quality research evidence relevant to that question. Examples are given on how SRs lead to the implementation of the 3Rs and better science. Additionally, a broader context is given regarding societal, political, and scientific developments. Various examples of systematic reviews are given to illustrate the current situation regarding reporting, quality, and translatability of animal-based research. Furthermore, initiatives that have emerged to move further towards more responsible and sustainable research is of benefit for both animals and humans.

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