Using CRISPR-Cas9 to Generate Semi-dwarf Rice Lines in Elite Landraces

Overview

Journal Sci Rep

Specialty Science

Date 2019 Dec 15

PMID 31836812

Citations 21

Authors

Xingming Hu

Yongtao Cui

Guojun Dong

Anhui Feng

Danying Wang

Chunyan Zhao

Yu Zhang

Jiang Hu

Dali Zeng

Longbiao Guo

Qian Qian

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Genetic erosion refers to the loss of genetic variation in a crop. In China, only a few original landraces of rice (Oryza sativa) were used in breeding and these became the primary genetic background of modern varieties. Expanding the genetic diversity among Chinese rice varieties and cultivating high-yielding and high-quality varieties with resistance to different biotic and abiotic stresses is critical. Here, we used the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein9(Cas9) genome editing system to edit Semi-Dwarf1 (SD1) in the elite landraces Kasalath and TeTePu (TTP), which contain many desired agronomic traits such as tolerance to low phosphorous and broad-spectrum resistance to several diseases and insects. Mutations of SD1 confer shorter plant height for better resistance to lodging. Field trials demonstrated that the yield of the new Kasalath and TTP mutant lines was better than that of the wild type under modern cultivation and that the lines maintained the same desirable agronomic characteristics as their wild-type progenitors. Our results showed that breeding using available landraces in combination with genomic data of different landraces and gene-editing techniques is an effective way to relieve genetic erosion in modern rice varieties.

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