Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Genetics & Management of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in India

Overview

Journal Indian J Med Res

Specialty General Medicine

Date 2019 Dec 12

PMID 31823915

Citations 70

Authors

Mohammad Ashraf Ganie

Vishnu Vasudevan

Imtiyaz Ahmad Wani

Mohammad Salem Baba

Tasleem Arif

Aafia Rashid

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder predominantly affecting women of reproductive age. Clinical manifestations are diverse including hyperandrogenism, anovulation, infertility and increased risk of metabolic diseases besides psychosocial dysfunction. This review provides information on the problem of PCOS in India, its pathophysiology, genetics and an overview of current management options to instigate further research in this field. Prevalence of PCOS in India ranges from 3.7 to 22.5 per cent depending on the population studied and the criteria used for diagnosis. Abnormalities in leptin-adiponectin (adipocyte biology), oxidative stress and autoimmunity are among the mechanisms studied regarding pathogenesis of PCOS. Many candidate gene studies have shown associations with PCOS in various studies. Studies have consistently demonstrated the relationship between the well-known manifestation of hyperandrogenism among Indian PCOS women and the metabolic morbidities including insulin resistance, glucose intolerance and cardiovascular risk. Management of individual components of PCOS can be achieved by medications or surgical methods, though further clarification regarding pathogenesis of PCOS is needed to sharpen our therapeutic armamentarium.

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